Surgery Flashcards
Which direction does the trachea deviate in a tension pneumothorax?
Away from the pneumothorax
What neurosurgical emergency is associated with battle’s sign (ecchymosis behind the ear)?
basilar skull fracture
What is the rule of 9s with regard to burn injuries - what are the divisions of the body that each account for 9%? (11)
head, each arm, anterior/posterior of each leg, torso is 18% anterior and 18% posterior
What is the antidote to a white phosphorus burn?
1% copper sulfate and calcium gluconate injection
What is the antidote to a hydrofluoric acid burn?
lavage for > 30 minutes then application of calcium gluconate gel to affected areas
What is the formula for fluid resuscitation in burn patients?
% burn area x body weight (kg) x 4 = total needed in first 24 hours. Half given in first 8 hours then remainder over the next 16. All crystalloid - LR recommended.
What is a curling ulcer?
an ulcer associated with burn victims in the stomach or duodenum
What kind of cancer is associated with healed/healing burns?
SCC (marjolin ulcer transformation)
What is the timeline for atelectatic induced post operative fever?
24-48 hours
What is the timeline for post operative fever induced by UTI?
48-72 hours
What is the timeline for post operative fever induced by wound infection?
> 72 hours
What treatment has been proven to improve keloid scaring?
kenalog injection (triamcinolone)
How do you properly identify an organism in a pressure ulcer?
biopsy
In a patient with cellulitis, what triad of test results increases your index of suspicion for necrotizing fasciitis?
WBCs > 14k, BUN > 15, Na < 135
What is the initial antibiotic management for necrotizing fascitis?
Carbapanem + Clinda + MRSA coverage (vanc/dapto/zyvox) alternate agents: aminoglycoside/fq + flagyl
