The portion of the jaw that surrounds and supports the tooth?
alveolar process
What does orbicularis mean?
circular
Crescent shaped cartilage found in the TMJ knee joint is?
meniscus
The synovial joint formed at the bicondylar junction of the mandible and the temporal is the?
temporomandibular
Another name for the malar joint (bone) is?
zygomatic
What can be done to treat an intranasal dural tear?
cover with fat,fascial,or muscle graft
The space between the lip (extending to include the cheeks) and the teeth is the?
vestibule
The term deciduous refers to the ___ teeth.
primary
What sucture attaches the tongue to the floor of the buccal cavity?
lingual frenulum
The skull comprises ____ bones?
22
Which facial muscle allows for closure of the mouth and protrusion of the chin?
masseter
What is the term use to desribe a deformity involving an abnormally small jaw?
micrognathia
What is the source of autogenous graft material?
patient
Arch bars are fixed into postion with _____?
wire
Vomiting can lead to aspiration,but in the maxillofacial patient it can also pose a risk of_____.
infection
Why is nasal intubation preferred when arch bar application is anticipated?
to provide access to the oral cavity
The term malocclusion refers to?
teeth that are not in proper alignment
What type of incision is made at the patient’s hairline and can be bilaterally extended?
coronal
Endoscopic viewing of the joint is called
arthroscopy
What is the mot common type of midfacial fracture?
LaForte I
Which diagnotic imaging method provides images of the bony defects?
CT scan
In which position will the patient be placed to obtain a Waters’ view radiograph?
upright with the neck hyperextended
Which of the following is an action of epinephrine?
vasoconstriction
The uvula is considered to be ___tissue?
lymphoid
There are __ bones of the cranium that enclose and protect the brain.
8
All are action of the frontalis muscle EXCEPT?
drawing the scalp backward
Anatomical development of the face ocurs along with the development of the cranium around the _____ week of embryological life.
6
Which class of dental fractures extend into the dentin of the tooth?
class 2
Most LeFort fractures are a result of?
automobile accidents
Which radiographic view shows the hard palate,nasal septum,orbital floor, and zygoma?
Caldwell view
Frontal sinus repair often requires a?
craniotomy setup
LeFort 2 and 3 fractures can also be referred to as __fractures.
panfacial
______ is injected into the joint space to distend the capsule during a TMJ arthroscopy.
Lactated Ringer’s
Temporomandibular joint replacement is usually limited to serve cases of ___.
ankylosis
perforations in the mandibular condyle meniscus are usually repaired with?
4-0 chromic
Craniofacial screws come in diameters of?
1 to 4 mm
Which statement is correct concerning oral procedures?
Oral procedures are not considered sterile ,use the best technique possible
The skin is a _membrane.
cutaneous
The outermost layer of the epidermis that is composed of dead epidermal cells is the stratum?
corneum
What layer binds the skin to the underlying structures?
subcutaneous
The process by which strands of though,fibrous proteins develop within the cell membrane is?
keratinization
Which layer contain hair follicles ,sweat glands, sebaceous glands, and nerve fibers?
dermis
Which cells contribute to the development of the hair at the base of the hair follicle?
dermal
Which skin layer contains blood vessels to aid in the regulation of the body temperature?
dermal
Sebaceous glands secrete?
sedum
What burn classification involves only the epidermis?
1st degree
A burn that destroys the epidermis,dermis,and accessory organs of the skin?
full thickness
What bones form the hard palate of the mouth?
palatine and maxillary
What three nerves innervates the forearm,wrist,and hand?
radial,ulnar,median
If skin is taken from an unburned area of the patient and used as a transplant ,it is called?
autograft
which muscle is responsible for flexing the hand at the wrist?
palmaris longus
What are the two main arteries that supply the forearm and hand?
radial and ulnar
The condition causing the contraction of palmar fascia is known as?
Dupuytren’s disease
What medical term refers to the surgical procedure commonly known as a face-lift?
rhytidectomy
A cosmetic procedure performed on the eyelid is?
blepharoplasty
which type of donor skin graft includes the epidermis ,dermis,and possibly subcutaneous?
full thickness skin graft
Which body site is not ideal for a split-thickness skin graft?
calf
Which procedure may involve the use of the local anesthetic cocaine?
rhinoplasty
Which of the following is a synovial fluid-filled cyst that can arise from a tendon sheath or wrist joint?
ganglion cyst
Which of the following best describes the perimeter of the skin preparation for a ganglion cystectomy?
hand and wrist circumferentially
Reimplantation of a digit begins with ___ attachment.
bone-to bone
What surgical procedure is performed to remove hypertrophic breast tissue?
reduction mammoplasty
Which instrument is responsible for expanding the surface area of a skin graft?
mesh grafter
Which nerve must be avoided during a rhytidectomy?
facial
The main reason for using mineral oil during procurement of a skin graft using a dermatome is to?
minimize friction
All of the following are fase for the type of dressing required for the recipient skin graft site EXCEPT the dressing should?
be dry
Which type of suture is most often used to close the skin in place in plastic surgery to achieve a cosmetic closure?
nylon
Which layer of the epidermis is found only in the thick areas such as the palms of the hands and soles of the feet?
stratum lucidum
The thick-strength layer of the dermis is known as?
reticular layer
Congenital malformation of the palate occur during which part of the pregnancy?
1st trimester
How many phalanges are in a normal hand?
14
A freely movable joint is known as which type of joint?
diarthrosis
The term given to the condition known as clubhand is?
radial dysplasia
Which surgical procedure is performed to improve the cosmetic appearance of the chin by correcting micrognathia?
mentoplatsy
Where would an autograft be taken from to replace the congenital absence of an ear?
costal cartilage
Besides anticipating the needs of the surgeon ,the main role of surgical technologist during a cleft lip repair is to?
retract
Which instrument would a surgeon need to dissect the nasal mucosa during a cleft palate repair?
cottle elevator
Which type of flap allows the tissue to be transferred to remain attached to its blood supply?
pedicle flap
How many carpal bones compose each wrist?
8
what structure is referred to as the pacemaker of the heart?
SA node
what portion of the heart is responsible for pumping blood into the pulmonary artery
right ventricle
where does the coronary vein empty?
coronary sinus
which artery supplies blood to the walls of the left atrium and ventricle?
circumflex
which structure is attached to the valvular cusps and prevents valves from swinging back into the atria?
chordae tendineae
there are how many pulmonary veins?
4
which structure prevents the trachea from collapsing
cricoid cartilage
the structure between an alveoli and bronchiole is the?
alveolar duct
the right lung is divided into how may lobes
3
the heart lies
slightly to the left within the mediastinum
the heart is surrounded by the
pericardium
the cardiac cycle refers to the events taking place during a
single heartbeat
when does the fetal heart begin developing
third
what is the most common congential chest deformity
pectus excavatur (funnel chest)
what medical term refers to the abnormal accumulation of air in the pleural cavity
pneumothorax
an abnormal opening in the wall between the right and left ventricle of the heart is known as
ventricular septal defect
which surgical instrument is preferred for the removal of a foreign body in the bronchial tree of infants and children
rigid bronchoscope
what is the surgical position for a lobectomy
posterolateral
which intercostal space is entered for a thoracotomy
5th
which piece of equipment assumes the role of the heart and lungs while undergoing cardiopulmonary bypass
pump oxygenator
what protects the heart from damage during cardiopulmonary bypass
hypothermia
what mechanical devise is designed for circulatory support after cardiac procedures
intra-aortic balloon pump
which portion of the heart is the cannula placed to achieve venous cannulation for cardiopulmonary bypass
right atrium
which type of hemostatic agent is placed on each side of the sternum after a median sternotomy
bone wax
the parts of the sternum from superior to inferior are
manubrium, body, and xiphoid process
the trachea divides at what structure into right and left bronchi
carina
oxygenaed blood leaves the lungs through the
pulmonary veins
another name for the mitral valve is
bicuspid
a normal adult heart rate averages how many beats per minute
72
what percentage of all patients with carcinoma of the lung are cigarette smokers
90
after birth, with the elimination of placental circulation, which structure closes
ductus arteriosus
what is the most common complaint in the patient with a thoracic aorta aneurysm
chest pain
truncus arteriosus is characterized by
a single artery arising from both ventricles
a teflon patch being used to close the ventricular septal defect, the middle pulmonary artery is transected, and a channel is placed from the right ventricular outflow to the pulmonary artery is known as
the Rastelli procedure
what study is best for determining the overall size of the heart and great vessel configuration
AP and lateral X-rays
a closed system of blood vessels that transports blood away from the heart to the body’s tissues and back to the heart refers to the
peripheral vascular system
microscopic vessels designed to exchange nutrients and wastes between blood and tissue fluid around the cells are known as
capillaries
describe one characteristic of a vein
veins have specialized structures called valves
which structure supplies the myocardium with oxygenated blood
coronary arteries
which artery is one of the three major branches of the aortic arch
brachiocephalic
which arteries supply the pelvis and perineum with blood
internal iliac
superficial blood supply to the head and neck is supplied from which artery
external carotid
which arteries communicate with the basilar artery to form the circle of Willis
internal carotid
what arteries supply blood to the spinal cord and its meninges
lumbar
which veins receive blood from the brain, meninges, and deeper regions of the face and neck
internal jugular
which is the longest vein in the body
greater saphenous
claudication is the term used to refer to
cramping
endarterectomy is performed to alleviate occlusion of an artery (T or F)
True
which graft requires preclotting by the surgical team
porous Dacron grafts
the typical suture gauge for a femoral vascular anastomosis is
4-0
which procedure could necessitate the use of a Javid shunt
carotid endarterectomy
which vessel must be clamped during a carotid endarterectomy
external carotid artery
with which instrument is an arteriotomy initiated
11 blade on a #7 handle
the primary purpose of a femoral-poplieteal bypass is to
restore blood flow to the lower limb
which clamp is removed last during a carotid endarterectomy
internal carotid artery
which gauge suture is appropriate for closing a carotid arteriotomy
6-0
which type of suture is appropriate for closing an arteriotomy
polypropylene
which type of needle is appropriate for closing a blood vessel
taper
which arteries supply the upper portion of the digestive tract, spleen, and the liver
celiac
a Fogarty balloon catheter is used for
arterial embolectomy
which medication is always added to injectable saline for the use of intra-arterial irrigation
heparin
after exposure of the femoral artery, the surgeon will want to isolate the aartery and will ask for
right angle clamp
an iliac artery obstruction can be bypassed with
femoral-femoral bypass
which self-retaining retractor is used during an aortofemoral bypass procedure
Weitlaner
during vascular surgery, pledgets are used to
reinforce the graft
the incision for a femorofemoral bypass is made over the
groin
the amount of blood ejected by the left ventricle into the aorta with one contraction is known as
stroke volume
arterial blood volume is decreased when
cardiac output is decreased
the external iliac arteries branch into the
femoral arteries
which aratery supplies blood to the head and the arm
brachiocephalic
what is the name of the vascular needle holder preferred for vascular anastomosis
castroviejo
a bulldog is used in vascular surgery to
clamp a blood vessel
the right common carotid artery originates from the
brachiocephalic artery
gas exchange takes place in the
arterioles
the relaxation phase of the heart is known as
diastole
what might be included in a typical pre op instruction for a patient about to undergo elective plastic surgical procedure
avoid aspirin and smoking 2 weeks prior
What categorical of plastic surgery deal with head and face
asthetic
type of dermatome when surface can be stabilized for precision cutting
free-hand knife
graft from genetically identical person
allograft
where is thymus located
anterior section of mediastinum
effective treatment for spontaneous pneumothorax
pleurodesis
vessel that has best long-term patency rate
internal mammary
valve that consists pulmonary and aortic valve
semilunar valve
incision made to left or right of sternum, patient in supine position
paramedian thoracotomy
which drug is used to suppress arterial vasospasm
papaverine
dvt prophylaxis
compression stockings
layer of arterial wall
intima