Summer 2018 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Summer 2018 Deck (27)
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1
Q

A farmer comes in from the field and is bradycardic and has diarrhea. What do you do/what’s going on?

A

Wear personal protection , pt has cholinergic toxicity from organophosphates

2
Q

Which diagnostic tool is most helpful for determining acetaminophen toxicity

A

plot on Rumack-Matthew nomogram

3
Q

Pt has cherry red lips what should you think of? Too vague? Here’s a hint: flame-shaped retinal hemorrhages, AMS, tachypnea, tachycardia, pulse ox 100%

A

carbon monoxide poisoning

4
Q

seatbelt sign think of injury to:

A

small bowel

5
Q

bicycle injury to epigastric area with abdominal pain think of what kind of injury

A

pancreatic injury

6
Q

What is the lethal triad?

A

Coagulopathy, acidosis, hypothermia

7
Q

SIRS criteria

A

2+ of: temp <96.8 or >100.4; HR>90; RR>20; WBC>12x10^9 or <4x10^9 or >10% immature forms or bands

8
Q

Newborn is pink when crying and blue when quiet. What does pt have? How to check?

A

choanal atresia: pass feeding tube to check

9
Q

4 mo pt has “sausage” in LUQ what do you think it is?

A

intussusception

10
Q

4 mo pt has olive-shaped mass in RUQ immediately after vomiting what do you think it is?

A

pyloric stenosis

11
Q

A child tries to stand up by propping themselves up and walking themselves to a standing position. What is this sign and what are you suspicious of?

A

Gower’s sign (generalized muscle weakness); muscular dystrophy

12
Q

Bitot spots and night blindness indicate what

A

vitamin a deficiency

13
Q

Ground glass appearance of bones and pencil-thin cortex on radiographic suggest what? Hint: also have swelling of gums and petechial hemorrhages

A

Vitamin c deficiency

14
Q

What causes Beri Beri

A

vitamin B1 deficiency

15
Q

Niacin deficiency causes what

A

pellegra

16
Q

Vit B12 deficiency causes what

A

megaloblastic anemia pellagra

17
Q

Vit K coagulopathy factors are:

A

factors 2, 7, 9, 10

18
Q

How do OCs prevent pregnancy (main way)

A

prevent growth of a dominant follicle and ovulation

19
Q

Transvaginal U/S reveals well-defined, solid mass with whorled appearance, what is it?

A

leiomyoma (sonohysterography can be done to see submucosa myoma better)

20
Q

Chocolate cysts on ovary suggest what and what does it first look like

A

Endometriosis (first appears red, petechial lesion that grows to dark brown, black or blue powder burn)

21
Q

What is Chloasma gravidarum/Melasma

A

Darkening of central face and malar area during pregnancy (use sunscreen, suppl folic acid, make-up, NO bleaching); usually temporary (delivery or end of breastfeeding resolves)

22
Q

What is Ebstein’s Anomaly

A

downward displaced leaflets of tricuspid valve seen in fetus/newborns who were exposed to Lithium during pregnancy

23
Q

What is the MC cause of fever in first 48 hrs post-partum

A

atelectasis

24
Q

What is Hegar’s Sign

A

non-sensitive indication of pregnancy; softening uterus, and the uterus and cervix seem to be two separate regions.

25
Q

What is a short term complication of cesarean section

A

Endometritis (also ileus, wound, etc)

26
Q

Describe symptoms of hypercalcemia

A

Stones, bones (bone pain), groans(bowel dismotility), psychiatric moans

27
Q

What is the adverse effect/risk of bisphosphonates

A

Osteonecrosis of the jaw