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Flashcards in Stem cells Deck (19)
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1
Q

What are the three different views of the stem cell concept?

A
  1. Single-cell asymmetry
  2. Population asymmetry
  3. Adult stem cell lineage
2
Q

Define the concept of single cell asymmetry

A

Outdated model

asymmetric division results in one stem cell, one committed cell

3
Q

Define the concept of population asymmetry

A

two populations of stem cells exist: one pop. creates committed cells, one population creates new stem cells

4
Q

Define adult stem cell lineage

A

Multipotent > Committed stem cell > progenitor (transit amplifying cell)
all these step are reversible

5
Q

What are the two major sources of pluripotent stem cells?

A
  1. Cells from the ICM of a blastocyst stage embryo

2. Primordial germ cells from the spine of a fetus

6
Q

What are iPS cells

A

A type of pluripotent stem cell acquired by reversibly inducing somatic adult cells

7
Q

What is OSKM

A

The mammalian gene combinations required for production of iPS cells

8
Q

What are the four components of OSKM?

A

Oct 3/4, Sox 2, Myc, Klf4

9
Q

Briefly describe Somatic Cell Nuclear Transfer

A

Way of creating genetically identical cells needed for a particular patient.
- you take nucleus from somatic cell and placed in an oocyte. Stem cells are taken from the ICM later in development, and then cultured toward the formation of needed cell type

10
Q

What are the three types of stem cell sources?

A
  1. Embryonic stem cells
  2. Adult stem cells
  3. Induced pluripotent stem cells
11
Q

What are niches?

A

Parts of the adult organism where stem cells are maintained in vivo for repair purposes

12
Q

What are hub cells?

A

Cells that maintain stem cells in the testes of drosophila

13
Q

What are paneth cells?

A

Cells that maintain the undifferentiated state of stem cells in gut microvillia

14
Q

What are transit amplifying (progenitor) cells?

A

Stem cells basically committed to certain pathway of differentiation, produce multiple cells of that differentiation type

15
Q

What about elasticity of basal matrix and cell differentiation?

A

The harder the matrix, the harder the cell type the stem cells sitting in or on it will become.

16
Q

Where do you get totipotent cells?

A

zygote

17
Q

Where do you get pluripotent cells?

A

blastocyst (ICM) embryonic stem cells

18
Q

Where do you get multipotent cells?

A

embryo, adult brain

19
Q

What is another name for limited differentiation potential cells?

A

progenitor cells