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Honors Anatomy & Physiology > Special Senses > Flashcards

Flashcards in Special Senses Deck (19)
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1
Q

Special senses include? (5)

A
vision 
taste
smell
hearing
equilibrium
2
Q

sensation

definition? depends on? ex?

A

conscious/subconscious awareness of changes in internal/external environment (think of senses)
type of sensation depends on destination of nerve impulse
ex) reflexes vs vision

3
Q

perception

definition? location?

A

conscious awareness & interpretation of sensations
occur in cerebral cortex
(hair stands up when someone approaches)

4
Q

sense receptors (2)

A

general receptors

special receptors

5
Q

general receptors

A

receptors distributed throughout body
sensory neurons
EX) Skin, organs

6
Q

special receptors

A

receptor cells in localized areas
EX) head, eyes, ears, mouth
(like taste buds, rods & cones)

7
Q

how we get sensations (4)

A

1) Stimulate a sense receptor
2) conversion of the stimulus
- energy created by stimuli converted to graded potential (electrical energy)
3) Generation of nerve impulse
- impulse travels to CNS
4) Integration of sensory input
- interpreted in cerebral cortex

8
Q

Sense receptors - LOCATION classification (3)

A

exteroceptors
interoceptors
proprioceptors

9
Q

Exteroceptors

definition? location? senses..?

A

external conditions stimuli

  • located on or near surface of body
    • hearing (vibration), pain, pressure, vision, temp.,taste, touch, smell
10
Q

interoceptors

definition? location? ex?

A

internal conditions stimuli
-located in visceral organs, blood vessels, muscles
-not consciously felt
(help turn food you just ate)

11
Q

proprioceptors

location? senses?

A
  • located in muscles, joints, tendons, inner ear, nervous system
    • body position, muscle tension, movement, weight discrimination
12
Q

sense receptors - STIMULUS classification (5)

A
mechanoreceptors 
thermoreceptors
nociceptors
osmoreceptrs
photoreceptors
13
Q

Mechanoreceptors

senses…? examples?

A

mechanical stimuli- deformation, stretching, or bending of cells
EX) pressure, vibration, equilibrium

14
Q

Thermoreceptors

senses..?

A

changes in temp

15
Q

Nociceptors

senses…?

A

pain from physical or chemical tissue damage

burn/poke yourself, smash finger in drawer

16
Q

Osmoreceptors

senses…?

A

osmotic pressure of body fluids (certain pressure to flow properly)

17
Q

Chemoreceptors

senses..?

A

chemicals in mouth, nose, body fluids (chemicals in food & perfume)

18
Q

Photoreceptors

senses..?

A

light strikes retina

19
Q

sensory adaptation in brain

sensory input? brains abilities? example?

A

(brains adapt to focus)
brain prioritizes sensory input
-can get ‘sense’ overload
-has ability to ignore unimportant ‘background’ stimuli
EX) playing music while reading or studying
(Autism story, ADD/ADHD cannot focus bc have problems w/ sensory overload