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+ CAPS 391 > Special Sense (Ear) > Flashcards

Special Sense (Ear) Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 anatomical regions of the ear?

A 
external ear
middle ear (tympanic cavity)
inner ear (labyrinth)
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2
Q

What are the external and middle ears mainly involved in?

A

reception and transmission of sound waves to inner ear, where sound waves are converted to electrical impulses and conveyed to brain

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3
Q

What does the inner ear contain?

A

organ of balance

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4
Q

External Ear

What does the external ear include? (2)

A
  • auricle

- external acoustic meatus

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5
Q

External Ear

What is the auricle?

A

has cartilaginous core covered by thin skin

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6
Q

External Ear

What does the auricle carry?

A

some contours that collect sound and transfer it to external acoustic meatus

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7
Q

External Ear

What is the lobule?

A

inferior part of auricle, and its cartilage is replaced by connective tissue

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8
Q

External Ear

What is the external acoustic meatus?

A

S-shaped long canal extending from auricle to tympanic membrane (ear drum)

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9
Q

External Ear

Is the external acoustic meatus bony or cartilaginous?

A

lateral ⅓ is cartilaginous

medial ⅔ is bony

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10
Q

External Ear

What does the thin skin covering the external acoustic meatus contain?

A

ceruminous glands (modified sweat glands) that secrete cerumen (ear wax) that slows growth of microorganisms in external acoustic meatus, and reduces risk of infection

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11
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What is the middle ear?

A

irregular cubic space contained within petrous part of temporal bone

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12
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What is the middle ear lined by?

A

mucous membrane that is continuous with that of nasopharynx

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13
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What are the 3 ossicles?

A

malleus, incus, and stapes

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14
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What do the 3 ossicles do?

A

amplify and convey sound from tympanic membrane to inner ear

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15
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

How are ossicles jointed to each other?

A

by synovial joints

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16
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What are the 2 small skeletal muscles in the middle ear?

What do they do?

A

tensor tympani and stapedius

dampen sound

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17
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What are the 4 walls of the tympanic cavity with more distinct features?

A

lateral wall
medial wall
anterior wall
superior wall

18
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What does the lateral wall carry?

A

tympanic membrane separating middle and external ears

19
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What is the medial wall?

A

thin bony plate that separates tympanic cavity from inner ear

20
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What does the medial wall carry?

A

2 openings

  • fenestra vestibuli (oval window) covered by stapes
  • fenestra cochlea (round window) covered by membrane
21
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What is the anterior wall connected to?

A

nasopharynx via auditory tube

22
Q

Middle Ear (Tympanic Cavity)

What is the superior wall?

A

(roof) separates tympanic cavity from middle cranial fossa

23
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth)

Where is the inner ear?

A

housed within petrous part of temporal bone

24
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth)

What are the 2 divisions of the inner ear?

A

osseous and membranous divisions

  • bony labyrinth
  • membranous labyrinth
25
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth)

What is the bony labyrinth?

A

series of boney cavities divided into semicircular canals, vestibule, and cochlea

26
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth)

What does the bony labyrinth contain?

A

perilymph - fluid similar to CSF that surrounds enclosed membranous labyrinth

27
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Bony Labyrinth

What are semicircular canals?

A

3 tubes that open into vestibule

28
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Bony Labyrinth

What is the vestibule?

A

connected to middle ear (via oval window) and cochlea

29
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Bony Labyrinth

What is the cochlea?

A

shell-shaped part of bony labyrinth

30
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Bony Labyrinth

How is the cochlea divided?

A

lumen of this tube is partially divided into two sections by bony septum (lamina)

  • scala vestibuli
  • scala tympani
31
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Bony Labyrinth

Where is the scala vestibuli?

A

located in upper section of lumen that ends to fenestra vestibuli (oval window)

32
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Bony Labyrinth

Where is the scala tympani?

A

located in lower section of lumen that ends to fenestra cochlea (round window)

33
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

Where is the membranous labyrinth?

A

suspended in bony labyrinth

34
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

What is the membranous labyrinth formed by?

A

series of membranous sacs and ducts

35
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

What is the membranous labyrinth filled with?

What is it surrounded with?

A

filled with endolymph

surrounded by perilymph

36
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

What does the membranous labyrinth include? (4)

A
  • membranous semicircular ducts
  • utricle
  • saccule
  • cochlear duct
37
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

Where are the membranous semicircular ducts?

A

located within bony semicircular canal, and open to utricle

38
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

What is the ampula?

A

dilated part of membranous semicircular duct that contains crista that carries equilibrium receptors

39
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

Where are the utricle and saccule?

A

inside vestibule, and are connected to each other by a duct

saccule is also connected to cochlear duct

40
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

What is the macula?

A

elevation in saccule that carries equilibrium receptors

41
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

What is the vestibular nerve?

A

arises from crista and macula

42
Q

Inner Ear (Labyrinth) - Membranous Labyrinth

What does the cochlear duct carry?

A

organ of corti (organ of hearing) that gives rise to cochlear nerve

+ CAPS 391 (28 decks)

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