Soft Tissue Trauma

Question 1

Soft Tissue includes

Answer 1

skin, fatty tissues, muscles, blood vessels, fibrous tissue, membranes, glands, and nerves

Question 2

Skin Functions

Answer 2

(total surface area = over 20 square feet
three major layers- epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous layer)
Protection
Water balance
Temperature Regulation
Excretion
Shock absorption

Question 3

Epidermis

Answer 3

Outer layer of the skin
composed of dead cells, which are rubbed off and replaced
contains no blood vessels or nerves

Question 4

Dermis

Answer 4

inner layer (second) of the skin found beneath the epidermis. Rich in blood vessels and nerves. also sweat glands, sebaceous (oil) glands, hair follicles. 
if exposed to the outside world contamination and infection will occur

Question 5

Subcutaneous Layer

Answer 5

layer of fat and soft tissues found below dermis

shock absorption and insulation are major functions of this layer

Question 6

Closed Wound

Answer 6

an internal injury with no open pathway from the outside
usually results from impact of a blunt object
can be simple bruises, internal lacerations (cuts), internal punctures caused by fractures, crushing forces, or rupture of internal organs

Question 7

Contusions

Answer 7

bruise

epidermis remains intact, but cells and blood vessels in dermis are damaged

Question 8

Hematomas

Answer 8

swelling caused by collection of blood under the skin or in damaged tissues as a result of an injured or broken blood vessel

Question 9

Open Wound

Answer 9

injury in which the skin is interrupted, exposing the tissue beneath

Question 10

Abrasion

Answer 10

scratch or scrape

outer layer of the skin is damaged but not all the layers are penetrated

Question 11

Laceration

Answer 11

a cut

often caused by an object with a sharp edge

Question 12

Puncture Wound

Answer 12

an open wound that tears through the skin and destroys underlying tissues. can be shallow or deep.
perforating puncture wound has both an entrance and an exit wound

Question 13

Avulsion

Answer 13

the tearing away or tearing off of a piece or flap of skin or other soft tissue.
term used also if an eye pulled from its socket or a tooth dislodged from its socket

Question 14

Amputation

Answer 14

surgical removal or traumatic severing of a body part, usually an extremity

Question 15

Burn Agents and Sources

Answer 15

Thermal, Chemical, Electrical, Light (typically involving the eyes), Radiation

Question 16

Superficial Burn

Answer 16

First Degree burn
burn that involves only the epidermis
characterized by reddening of the skin and perhaps some swelling
common example: sunburn

Question 17

Partial Thickness burn

Answer 17

Second Degree burn
burn in which the epidermis is burned through and the dermis is damaged
reddening, blistering, and mottled appearance

Question 18

Full Thickness Burn

Answer 18

Third Degree burn
burn in which all the layer of the skin are damaged. usually areas that are charred black or areas that are dry and white

Question 19

Determine the Severity of a burn

Answer 19

Agent or source of the burn
body region burned
Depth of the burn
Extent of the burn
Age of the patient
Other illnesses and injuries

Question 20

Rules of Nines

Answer 20

method of estimating the extent of the burn. for an adult, each of the following areas represents 9 percent of the body surface: head and neck, each upper extremity, the chest, the abdomen, the upper back, the lower back and buttocks, the front of each lower extremity, and the back of each lower extremity. the remaining 1 percent is assigned to the genital region. for an infant or child. the percentages are modified so that 18 percent is assigned to the head, 14 percent to the lower extremity.

Question 21

Rule of Palm

Answer 21

method for estimating the extent of a burn. The palm of the patient’s own hand, which equals about 1 percent of the body’s surface area, is compared with the patient’s burn to estimate its size

Question 22

Occlusive Dressing

Answer 22

any dressing that forms an airtight seal