Soft tissue and joint disorders Flashcards Preview

A - BNF CHAPTER 10: MSK > Soft tissue and joint disorders > Flashcards

Flashcards in Soft tissue and joint disorders Deck (3)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Local Inflammation of Joints & Soft Tissue

A

Systemic Corticosteroids:
- Improve symptoms in Rheumatoid Arthritis  Short-term treatment corticosteroids
- Long-term use only after other treatment options considered
- Corticosteroids induce osteoporosis  Prophylaxis required in long-term treatment
- Severe Life-threatening (to induce remission)  High initial dose corticosteroids
Then  DMARDs commenced with pulse doses of corticosteroids

Local Corticosteroid injections:
- For Anti-inflammatory effect + Also provide symptomatic relief whilst waiting for DMARDs to take effect.
Other uses: Tennis/Golfer’s elbow, Tendinitis (into tendon sheath), Skin Lesions (into soft tissues).
- Hydrocortisone or one of the synthetic analogues is generally used for local injection

2
Q

Soft Tissue Disorders

A
  • Extravasation is leakage of drugs / IV fluids from veins or inadvertent administration into SC or sub-dermal tissue. It can cause tissue necrosis (cytotoxic drugs commonly cause extravasation injury)
  • Prevention: Use central line, Resit cannula at regular intervals in patient receiving repeated doses, ask patient to REPORT  pain or burning at injection site immediately
  • Management: STOP infusion but don’t remove cannula until area aspirated (to remove as much of drug)
  • Inflammation  Can give corticosteroids
  • Symptoms relief  Can give antihistamines or analgesics.
  • After this  Specialist management e.g. depends on substance: localise & neutralise / spread & dilute. Administer antidote + Apply cold compresses TDS-QDS
3
Q

Cytokine modulators: e.g. + patient advice

A

Adalimumab, Etanerccept, Infliximab

Patient advice: If used to treat hidradenitis suppurativa, use a daily topical antiseptic wash on lesions during treatment with adalimumab.

  • TB: if symptoms of TB (e.g. persistent cough, weight loss, fever) develop, seek medical attention.
  • Blood disorders: report if: fever, sore throat, bruising, bleeding, cough, weight loss develop