sociology test 2nd October 2020 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in sociology test 2nd October 2020 Deck (31)
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1
Q

criticisms of traditional Marxists

A

feminists accuse traditional Marxist theory of ignoring the role of patriarchy in rule creation and social control.

2
Q

what do Marxist argue about social control

A

is essential to keep order. however, they say capitalism is an exploitive system which requires systems of social control over populations to prevent rebellion and revolution.

3
Q

who do Marxist say benefit from social control

A

the ruling class and works against the interest of the majority working class

4
Q

socialisation

A

instil shared culture internalise shared norms and values

5
Q

what do Marxist say about the capitalist society

A

the capitalist society causes crime. capitalist society is “crimogenic” (leads to crime)

6
Q

according to Marxist what do laws reflect

A

they’re a reflection of the ruling class interests, as the ruling class are responsible for law making.

7
Q

chambliss and mandoff

A

property law serves to keep WC people away from the property and land of the rich

8
Q

Pearce (1976)

A

suggested that even the laws which supposedly protect WC (e.g. health and safety laws, consumer laws) are really in ruling-class interests. he said that the system needs healthy, safe and loyal workers

9
Q

snider

A

argues that WC crimes such as burglary don’t cause as much harm as corporate crime such as health and safety laws

10
Q

ruling class ideology

A

presents WC crime as threat to society, largely through the media, meanwhile, corporate crime get little media condemnation and are treated leniently by the legal system

11
Q

The difference between right realists and left realists

A

Right Realism tends to focus on the individual as being responsible for crime, arguing that we need to get tough on criminals to reduce crime.
Left Realists on the other hand argue that inequality is the main cause of crime and we need more community interventions to reduce crime.

12
Q

What did lea and young say that social policy on crime need to accept

A

Crime other than white-collar crimes are a problem

There has been a rise in crime since the Second World War

13
Q

Kingsley Lea and young

A

Say that British policing policy needs to be centred on creating and maintained good communication between police and local communities

14
Q

Why does there need to be good communication between the police and the public

A

The public report most crimes to the police and provide most evidence to solve crimes this results in the police needing the public

15
Q

Consensus policing

A

Police act on the local community’s instructions rather than in isolation

16
Q

How do Kingsley lea and young say the police need to do to improve crime

A

Full proper investigation to fathom on crime which hasn’t been reduced in recent years

Need to improve detection rates

17
Q

What do left realists say relative deprivation causes

A

Subcultures and crime

18
Q

Why do lea and young believe that relative deprivation is a major factor leading to crime

A

When an I did visual feels deprived in relations to similar social groups, they can turn to crime to “solve” the problem and acquire the resources to remove the feeling

19
Q

How can rising standard of living lead to rising crime rates

A

Advertising Vs the media present individuals with images of what they could have and what others got

20
Q

What do left realist believe is a result of relative deprivation

A

Criminal subcultures

21
Q

What left realists believe social order will come from

A

A fair and just society

22
Q

Criticisms for left realists

A

Critics say that if left realists were right there’d be more crime

Hughes says that left realists haven’t explained why some people who experience relative deprivation see crime as a solution and others don’t. He argues that there would be slot more crime if relative deprivation was the main cause

Critics say that Kingsley lea and young didn’t collect enough data to develop a full theory of crime. Their theory only focuses on properly crime

23
Q

What do right realists believe are the three main causes of crime

A

Biology
A lack of socialisation
Rational choice

24
Q

Wilson and herrnstein

A

traits such as aggressiveness, extroversion, and low intelligence makes some people predisposed to commit crime.

25
Q

Why do Wilson and herrnstein argue that lone parent families are more likely to have criminal children

A

Because their socialisation hasn’t been complete

26
Q

Murray

A

Claims that the higher the risk of going to prison the less likely people are to commit crime

27
Q

Wilson

A

Beloved individuals commit crime because the gains out weighs the chances of being caught and punished.

28
Q

Wilson and kelling

A

Say that damage to the neighbourhood has to be put right straight away or problems of crime delinquency quickly get out of hand.this is called broken window idea-their article says that tolerating just one broken window sends the message that you can get away with crime

29
Q

Criticism of tight realism

A

The idea that criminals are biologically different is rejected by many as it comes from discredited theories

Mathews didn’t find any evidence that tolerating broken windows leads to crime

Critics also say that zero tolerance policies have led to a big rise in us prison population

30
Q

Zero tolerance policy

A

Issue harsh policies for the smallest crime as a deterrent to future offenders

31
Q

Realist theory

A

Crime is a real problem not a social construction