Social Thinking Quiz 1 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Social Thinking Quiz 1 Deck (18)
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1
Q

Social Psychology

A

-The scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another

2
Q

Fritz Heider

A
  • Attribution Theory
  • We explain someone’s behavior by crediting either the situation or the person’s disposition (personality)
    • Situational vs. Dispositional attribution
    • Ex: Friend doesn’t say hi in the hallway
      • Situational: in a hurry, didn’t see you
      • Dispositional: personality= mean, rude
3
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A
  • Overestimate the influence of personality and underestimate the influence of situations
    • Ex: Waitress is making mistakes
      • Blame her character flaws, when really the waitress is the only one who showed up, busy
  • Ignoring both parts= error
  • Especially strong in individualistic Western societies
    • Look more towards personality
4
Q

Attitude

A
  • Feelings, often influenced by our beliefs, that predispose us to respond in a particular way to objects, people, and events
    • Believe someone is mean, feel disliked, act unfriendly
5
Q

Attitudes Affecting Actions

A
  • As our attitudes toward climate change has shifted, our public policy has followed suit
  • 2 ways to effect (bring about) an attitude change
    • Central route persuasion
    • Peripheral route persuasion
6
Q

Central Route Persuasion

A
  • Attitude change path in which interested people focus on the arguments and respond w/ favorable thoughts
    • One is analytically involved in something
  • Ex: Convince someone climate change is bad by pointing to research/ evidence, and convince someone
7
Q

Peripheral Route Persuasion

A
  • Attitude change path in which people are influenced by incidental cues, such as a speaker’s attractiveness
    • Not systemic thinking
    • Snap judgement based on incidental cues
  • Ex: Jonas bothers sing about climate change–> you thinking climate change is bad
8
Q

Central vs. Peripheral

A
  • Central:
    • More durable
    • More likely to influence behavior
9
Q

Actions Affect Attitudes

A
  • What we do can impact how we feel
    • Ex: power posing
  • People can be induced to act against their beliefs, thus affecting their attitude
10
Q

Foot-In-The-Door Phenomenon

A
  • Tendency for people who have 1st agreed to a small request to comply later w/ a larger request
    • Prisoners of war: running errand–> writing note home–> sending video home
    • Surveys: spreading out questions so you keep going
    • Samples: more likely to buy when sample first
    • In-app-purchases: free app–> purchasing more
11
Q

Door-in-the-face phenomenon

A
  • Lead w/ larger request, get denied, ask for something smaller
  • Ex: ask parents to stay out all night–> ask for 1 extra hour of curfew
12
Q

Zimbardo

A
  • Stanford Prison Experiment
  • College students randomly assigned to “prisoners” or “guards”
  • Clothing and facility provided
  • Ex of how role playing affects mood
13
Q

How did the people behave in Zimbardo’s experiment?

A
  • Guards adopted control tactics (sadistic)
    • Push ups
    • Loss of bedding
    • Toilet privileges
    • Stripped prisoners
  • Prisoners assigned #s
    • Lose sense of individuality (easier to commit inhumane acts)
  • 36 hours–> prisoner suffers emotional breakdown
  • Prisoners tell each other they can’t leave
  • Visiting hours
    • Parents work w/in system to get their child out
14
Q

Loss of Objectivity

A
  • Zimbardo views himself as warden
    • Attempts to stop escape w/ real jail
    • Manipulates instead of observes
    • Loses sight of end goal
  • Plan to run for 2 weeks, ended in 6 days
    • Only 1 outside observer ever objected (Research assistant)
15
Q

Criticism of Zimbardo Experiment

A
  1. Zimbardo= too transparent about what he expected
    • Told them what to do, too artificial
  2. Unethical
    • Abused people physically and emotionally
16
Q

How/ why does role-playing affect behavior?

A
  • Foot-in-the-door
    • Small acts–> bigger ones
  • Cognitive Dissonance
17
Q

Leon Festinger

A
  • Cognitive Dissonance
  • Thoughts and actions that combat
  • We act to reduce discomfort we feel when we feel 2 of our thoughts are inconsistent
    • Awareness that our attitudes and actions clash: change attitudes
  • Ex: Smoker is aware that smoking is unhealthy, continue to do so (rationalize)
    • “Stress relief”
  • Ex: Someone who dislikes country music, constantly exposed to it, ends up liking it
18
Q

Role

A

-A set of expectations (norms) about social position, defining how those in a position ought to behave