Social Inequality Flashcards Preview

anthropology midterm 1 > Social Inequality > Flashcards

Flashcards in Social Inequality Deck (42)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

social inequality

A
  • unequal access to the culturally valued resources of wealth, power and prestige
  • people are distinguished through these resources people have
  • they control over others or are controlled through this resources
2
Q

egalitarian societies

A

Forgers are egalitarian, because there are few possessions, and little specialization, lack of organizational, cooperative everybody needs each other so everyone is equally valued

3
Q

theory of foregoers

A

no private property there is no state no class and therefore no inequality, by Marx and Engels

4
Q

ranked societies

A

Horticultural societies, surplus gives rise to resources and privileges
divided into hierarchical structure, organized hierarchy leads to division of labour

5
Q

stratified societies

A

societies are divided into horizontal layers of equality and inequality, more people at the bottom than at the top, this exists only in complex large societies

6
Q

characteristics of stratified societies

A
  • control wealth and power in the hands of the few
  • status and rewards are heritable
  • social mobility is limited
7
Q

class

A

a ranked group within a stratified society characterised by achieved status and considerable social mobility

8
Q

achieved status

A

position grained on merit or achievement

9
Q

ascribed status

A

position based on who you are not what you do, family background, race, sex, place of birth

10
Q

plato’s classes

A

2 class: rich or power

11
Q

Aristotle’s classes

A

3 classes: upper class, servile lower class, worthy middle class (moral classes)

12
Q

Romans

A

Assidui (richest) Proletrii (owned only children)

13
Q

Marx’s idea of class

A

Bourgeoise (own land and machinery) and Proletariat (those who sell their labour)

14
Q

Max Weber 3 dimensions of class and definition of class

A

class is a group of people with similar “life chances” property, prestige, and power

15
Q

verbal evaluation

A

singling out or speaking favourably or unfavourably about a group of people and their political, economic, other qualities

16
Q

patterns of association

A

informatl friendly relations, taplce mainly within one’s own class

17
Q

other characteristics of defining class

A

wealth, dress, forms or recreation, residential location, material possessions

18
Q

patterns of association

A

you make friends within you own class

19
Q

greek class distinction

A

slaves were not allowed to wear shoes

20
Q

sumptuary laws

A
  • codes and ethics on who could dress how in society, they way they dressed showed what class they were from, laws placed by King Henry 4
21
Q

Pierre Bourdieu

A

wrote ‘cultural capital’ concluded that lower classes focused on survival/necessity not luxury

22
Q

Occupy Movement sept 2011

A

movement in Canada that grew out of dissatisfaction of wealth disparity

23
Q

Poverty line

A

the condition in a given society in which people lack the income required to access the necessities of life

24
Q

homeless

A

a situation in which an individual or family lack permanent stable housing

25
Q

status symbols

A

cultural items that convey a person’s status

26
Q

caste systems

A

stratification system where cultural or racial differences are used as basis for ascribing status
born into cast- rigid system
ranked by purity and pollution

27
Q

4 varnas

A

Brahmin (priests) (rewarded with honour), Khastriya (warriors) (rewarded with power), Vaishya (commoners, traders, farmers etc) (rewarded with wealth), Suhra (servants, manual labours- rewarded with freedom from responsibility)

28
Q

strata

A

layers within a stratified society

29
Q

stratification systems vary by

A
  • size of strata
  • agreement about order of the system
  • number of groups in the strata
  • amount of social mobility
30
Q

what are Pierre Bordieu’s cultural assets

A
  • dress, tastes, speech, body language, information
31
Q

social reproduction

A

classes tend to reproduce themselves culturally

32
Q

Pollution regulations among stratas

A

each rank has rules on regulations on how they must keep pure and avoid pollution, and this regulates how they interact with one another

33
Q

how people are placed in a varna

A

it is a reward or punishment based on what the person did in their past life

34
Q

Hypergamy

A

a large dowry that will permit a woman of low class marry into a higher class

35
Q

Other forms of Hypergamy

A

name changing, converting to a religion, moving locations, false genealogies

36
Q

changes in caste in modern world

A
  • caste systems are not as pertinent
  • Caste system was abolished by indian government
  • caste free rolls emerging (teachers, bureaucrats etc has made castes less important)
37
Q

one-drop rule

A

US rule during segregation, if person had any black relative they were also considered black

38
Q

hypodescent

A

assigning a mixed-race person to lower of the two races that they are a mix of

39
Q

ethnicity

A

linguistic and cultural heritage someone identifies with

40
Q

structural racism

A

the institutions and systems of society are structured in a way to discriminate and disadvantage a certain race

41
Q

Samuel Morton

A

concluded that Africans had the smallest brain capacity while Europeans had they highest

42
Q

racism vs discrimination

A

racism is discrimination based on race, discrimination is being treated different based on other factors like age sex etc