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Flashcards in Sleep Deck (37)
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1
Q

Type of sleep that is characterized by dreamless, decrease in BMR, decreased in HR and BP, increase in GI motility

A

NREM Sleep or Slow-wave sleep

2
Q

Type of sleep described as active dreaming occuring every 90 minutes associated with decreased muscle tone, brain metabolism, and penile erection

A

REM Sleep or paradoxical sleep

3
Q

This type of wave predominates in Stage 2 of NREM Sleep wherein the waves are interrupted by sleep spindles and K complexes

A

Theta wave

  1. Alpha
  2. Theta + Sleep spindle
  3. Delta + sleep spindle
  4. Delta alon
4
Q

In narcolepsy, ___(REM, NREM) is initiated first.a

A

REM first

5
Q

From NREM to Awake state, there is an increase in the level of ____, ____, ____.

A
  1. Norepinephrine
  2. Serotonin
  3. Histamine
6
Q

From NREM to awake state, there is a decrese in ___, and ____

A
  1. Acetylcholine

2. GABA

7
Q

[EEG waves]

awake, at rest, eyes closed

8-13Hz

A

Alpha

8
Q

[EEG waves]

awake, aroused, alert state, eyes open during REM sleep

13-30 Hz

A

beta

9
Q

[EEG waves]

seen in brain disorders and degenerative states

4-7 Hz

A

theta

10
Q

[EEG waves]

seen in early stage of slow wave sleep

4-7Hz

A

theta

11
Q

[EEG waves]

seen in organic brain disease and infants

0.5-4 Hz

A

delta

12
Q

[EEG waves]

seen in Stage 3 or NREM sleep

0.5-4Hz

A

delta

13
Q

[EEG waves]

Seen during REM sleep

A

beta

14
Q

__ compound implicated in sleep

A

muramyl peptide

15
Q

[sleep]

active dreaming

A

REM sleep

16
Q

[sleep]

occurs every 90 minutes, presence of beta waves

A

REM sleep

17
Q

[sleep]

difficult to arouse by sensory stimuli

A

NREM sleep

Delta wave

18
Q

[sleep]

MORE difficult to arouse by sensory stimuli

A

REM sleep

19
Q

[Stages of NREM]

alpha wave interspersed with theta waves

A

Stage 1

20
Q

[Stages of NREM]

Theta waves interrupted by sleep spindles (12-14Hz)

A

Stage 2

21
Q

____ are 12-14Hz waves seen in stage 2 NREM

A

sleep spindles

22
Q

[Stages of NREM]

delta wave + sleep spindles

A

stage 3

23
Q

[Stages of NREM]

delta wave only

A

Stage 4

24
Q

this drug decreases the duration of REM sleep

A

benzodiazepine

25
Q

[from NREM to awake state]

NE, Serotonin, Histamine (increases/decreases)

A

increases

26
Q

[from NREM to awake state]

Ach, GABA (increases/decreases)

A

decreases

27
Q

In narcolepsy, which starts first?

A

REM sleep

28
Q

Chromosome implicated in narcolepsy characteristics

A

chromosome 6

29
Q

[Waking/NREM/REM]

in the ARAS,

High Norepinephrine
High serotonin
Decrease acetylcholine

A

waking

30
Q

[Waking/NREM/REM]

in the ARAS,

Low Norepinephrine
Low Serotonin
Increase Acetylcholine

A

REM sleep

31
Q

Norepinephrine, Serotonin and acetylcholine are seen in which part of the brainstem nuclei?

A

ARAS

32
Q

GABA and histamine are produced (its role in sleep) are seen in which part of the hypothalamus_____

A

circadian and homeostatic center

33
Q

Circadian center is seen in which part of the brain

A

hypothalamus

34
Q

[Waking/NREM/REM]

in the hypothalamus

Low GABA
High histamine

A

Waking

35
Q

[Waking/NREM/REM]

in the hypothalamus

high GABA
Low histamine

A

NREM

36
Q

part of the brain that controls REM and waking

A

brainstem nuclei (ARAS)

37
Q

part of the brain that controls NREM to waking

A

hypothalamus (circadian and homeostatic center)