Sierra Leone and Hong Kong Flashcards Preview

Physical Geography A-level > Sierra Leone and Hong Kong > Flashcards

Flashcards in Sierra Leone and Hong Kong Deck (26)
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1
Q

The mudflow in Sierra Leone happened in…

A

2017.

2
Q

The saturated soil flowed down the…

A

Sugar Loaf mountain and hit the slum areas of Freetown.

3
Q

Number of poeple died in Sierra Leone was…

A

1100.

4
Q

Sierra Leone is LLIC…

A

(Leas-low…), so it has poor development, due to historical factors and poor neighbours.

5
Q

Deforestation on Sugar Loaf mountain decreased…

A

the interception, so more surface runoff.

6
Q

Slump development on…

A

the slopes increased the shear stress. No drainage on the slope=more surface runoff and throughflow.

7
Q

Residents ignored the rule…

A

not to build on the Sugar Loaf mountain(2014) and it is a national park.

8
Q

Natural causes of mudflow:

A
  • intense rainfall

- steep topography

9
Q

The vulnerability of Freetown is…

A

exacerbated by: diseases, poor sanitation, lack of aid.

10
Q

Hong Kong has a long history of…

A

landslides, due to intense precipitation, steep topography and dense human development

11
Q

The risk of the Domino effect is due to…

A

gentrification on the slopes, causing building smashing to the next and so on.

12
Q

In Hong Kong in…

A

1996, rainstorms triggered landslides and 64 people were killed and 2500 made homeless.

13
Q

In June 1996 over…

A

700 landslides were recorded.

14
Q

(Hong Kong) Vegetation may increase…

A

the problem as the trees held back many small landslides and allowed larger washouts to occur

15
Q

Hong Kong consists of…

A

islands, with natural steep topography >30 degrees.

16
Q

(Hong Kong) Geology:

A

-made of sedimentary rocks such as granite-prone to failure and weathering

17
Q

(Hong Kong) Slope Safety System was…

A

set up, with over 700 employees, investigating and researching the causes of landslides.

18
Q

(Hong Kong) Private owners of…

A

buildings on slopes had to take responsibility and maintain the slope. Neglect could lead to imprisonment.

19
Q

(Hong Kong) Due to measures taken after 1996, the risk was reduced by…

A

50%.

20
Q

(Hong Kong) Surface drains are vulnerable to…

A

blockage, increasing the risk of landslide even more. Confusion over responsibility=many not maintained.

21
Q

(Hong Kong) Man-made slopes were…

A

the main methods of stabilisation. Slopes were protected from infiltration and erosive effect by impermeable covers.

22
Q

(Hong Kong) Greening techniques were used to…

A

increase the interception.

23
Q

Types of Greening techniques:

A
  • Mulching system
  • Long-rooting grass
  • Fibre reinforced soil system
24
Q

The mulching system involves…

A

protective cover which makes possible for vegetation to grow and secure the place.

25
Q

The long-root grass is fast…

A

growing and cost-effective(low maintenance).

26
Q

Fibre reinforced soil system involves…

A

mixing polyester fibre into sandy soils. This resists the tension created by the component of the wight down the slope.