SG4: Who are the players that influence economic change in places? A focus on Sri Lanka Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in SG4: Who are the players that influence economic change in places? A focus on Sri Lanka Deck (24)
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1
Q

What is a player?

A

A person, a group of people, organisation or government who have an interest/ influence in a particular change in a area, development or business.

2
Q

What were the environmental characteristics before economic change in Sri Lanka?

A

Colombo had a poor image as a polluted and congested city with sprawling USS.

3
Q

What were the demographic characteristics before economic change in Sri Lanka?

A

The population had increased by x9 since 1871.

Rapid ageing population.

4
Q

What were the cultural characteristics before economic change?

A

Sinhalese form approx. 3/4s of the population and are mainly Buddhists. Tamils are the minority population who are mainly Hindus.

5
Q

What were the socio-economic characteristics before economic change?

A

The agricultural sector was important with plantations growing cash crops such as tea, rubber and coconut.
Most industry involved processing these export commodities from plantations.
Proceeds from agricultural exports were then used to buy manufactured goods from other countries.

6
Q

What economic change has taken place in Sri Lanka?

A

2014- Primary sector:29%, Secondary sector: 26% , Tertiary 45%

7
Q

WORLD BANK, who are they?

A

Like a cooperative, made up of 189 member countries. These member countries or shareholders are represented by a board of governors, who are the ultimate policymakers at the World Bank.

8
Q

WORLD BANK, what role did they play?

A

Improving the country transition to a global integrated economy and better paid jobs. Promoting opportunities for everyone e.g. improving the poverty in urban areas.

9
Q

WORLD BANK, what were they results?

A
  • The work informed a Skills Development Project, approved in May 2014, which aims to expand the supply of skilled and employable workers by increasing access to quality and labour market relevant training programs.
  • A total of 552 active loans
  • Sub loans amounting to $24.3 million
  • Education: the survival rate of students through grade 11 is 84%. During 2012- 2013 about 24,000 students are enrolled in schools.
10
Q

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK, who are they?

A

A financial institution that maintains 31 field offices around the world ti promote social and economic development in Asia. Headquarters in Philippines.

11
Q

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK, what role did they play?

A

ADB’s inter country partnership strategy 2015-2016 for Sri Lanka builds on the 2012-2016 strategy that includes the agriculture, natural resources and rural development as major sectors to strengthen the country’s growth.

12
Q

ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK, what were the results?

A
  • Two million people were provided access to safe water
  • 189,234 new households given electricity connection
  • 2 million students benefiting from new or upgraded physical educational facilities.
  • 2450 kilometres of expressways and national highways
  • 32000 teachers trained who are likely to improve teaching practices and support.
13
Q

TNC’s: NESTLE, who are they?

A

Nestle is a swiss company in food, beverage, nutrition and wellness business. Nestle helps consumers lives by not only offering the best taste and pleasure but also the best nutritional profile in it’s category as part of a healthy lifestyle.

14
Q

TNC’s: NESTLE, what role did they play?

A

Improving the lives of Sri Lankans to live a healthier lifestyle in order to get sufficient amount of dairy in their lives.

15
Q

TNC’s: NESTLE, what were the results?

A
  • Nestle has introduced new standards of sustainable faming
  • 3000 dairy farmers benefitted form training on modern technologies to produce more milk
  • 10000 coconut platelets were donated to 2000 farming families.
  • Wellness pledge to live an active lifestyle and campaign to educate on nutrition and the importance of physical activity.
  • Nestle contributed Rs 6 billion to the local dairy.
16
Q

SRI LANKAN GOVERNMENT: what is it?

A

Known as Mahinda Chintana. President Mahinda Rajapaksa while successfully fighting terrorism in the country saw that development plan can occur. he took great pains to get funds from various funding organisations and friendly countries to sort the new development.

17
Q

SRI LANKAN GOVERNMENT: what were the aims?

A
  • maintaining GDP of more than $4,000 by 2016
  • help poverty
  • reducing the malnutrition rate of children to 12-15%
  • increasing access to clean water
18
Q

SRI LANKAN GOVERNMENT: what were the results?

A
  • Improved roads, power plants, irrigation tanks
  • Airports and many other visible development activities gave rise to foreign tourists
  • This development will carry 3 million employment opportunities.
19
Q

Why could it be argued that the Sri Lankan govt. had the most important role to play in the economic changes in Sri Lanka?

A

They encouraged TNC’s to build factories there and applied for the funding from the world bank and asian development bank but also created the Mahnda chintana manifesto to help create sustainable living

20
Q

Why could it be argued that the TNC’S have had the least important role to play in the economic changes in Sri Lanka?

A

They have mainly created jobs which is good for income but that’s it really. They were also reliant on the other players providing money to sort the infrastructure. They’re also only interested in increasing their profit.

21
Q

Why could it be argued that the World Bank and ADB also played a crucial role in the economic changes which have occurred in Sri Lanka?

A

The ADB and the World Bank were the ones who funded the country’s development in order to achieve economic growth. Without them they couldn’t fully sustain huge amount of development and money to be used.

22
Q

What are still the challenges in progress made in Sri Lanka so far?

A
  • The government needs to collect more money for education
  • Needs better jobs in tertiary
  • Many poor people live within 30km of the city centre still need to find jobs there.
  • Some regions are not as developed.
  • Gender equality needed
23
Q

How successful were the players in economic growth?

A

Primary employment HALVED.
The per capita income of Sri Lanka has doubled since 2005.
Sri Lanka were the first country int eh South Asian region to introduce 3G,4G mobile broadband internet technologies.

24
Q

How successful were the players in reducing social inequality?

A
  • Income inequality has dropped from a high in 2005 to a low in 2015. Illustrated in the gini coefficient change from 0.47 (2005) to 0.36 (2010).
  • Unemployement rate as dropped from 7% to 4.9%
  • Poverty has dropped from 15% to 7%
  • Over 90% of the households are electrified
  • 87% of the population have access to safe drinking water

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