R
Real numbers, the entire number line
Q
Rational: numbers that can be written as a fraction of two integers
Z
Integers: whole numbers ( + or - ) and 0
N
Natural numbers: positive whole numbers and 0
Q’
Irrational numbers: real number that cannot be written as a simple fraction
A∩B
Intersection, (AND)
A∪B
Union, (OR)
∈
Is an element of
∉
Not an element of
Ø
Empty set
U
Universal set
A⊆B
Subset, A is a subset of B (set A is included within set B)
A⊂B
Proper subset, A is a proper subset of B, (A is not equal to B, strictly smaller)
n(A)
Number of elements in A
A’
Compliment, compliment of A (not in A but in U)
Disjoint
A and B do not share any elements
Infinite
Can’t be listed
Finate
Can be listed
Tree diagrams are used for
Independent events
|
Given that
If outcomes do not effect each other
They are independent events
If one thing is true but another isn’t…
There is no intersection, so they are mutually exclusive
A set of branches in a tree diagram
Are mutually exhaustive as all possible outcomes are shown
Multiply
Along the tree diagram branches
Add
At the end of tree diagram branches
Trial
Number of times an experiment is repeated
Outcomes
Different results that are possible
Event
A particular outcome
Frequency
The number of times an outcome occurs
Experimental frequency
The number of times an outcome occurs as a fraction of number trials
To write down a set
Use curly brackets {}
Empty and complete sets
Are always subsets
Mutually exclusive events
Events that cannot occur at the same time
Independent events
Events that do not effect each other’s outcome
Probabilities should be
Fractions, decimals, or percentages
Probabilities of exhaustive events
Should sum to 1
In probability, OR means….
Addition (+)
In probability, AND means….
Multiply (X)