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NBCE Part 1 > Set 38 Urinary > Flashcards

Set 38 Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

What are the UTIs?

A

glomerulo enphritis, pyelonephritis, nephrotic syndrome

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2
Q

glomerulo enphritis:

A

streptococcal infection, hematuria, RBC casts, proteinuria, HBP, and edema

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3
Q

pyelonephritis:

A

WBC casts, bilateral, inflammation of the renal pelvis

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4
Q

nephrotic syndrome:

A

prolonged protein permiability (proteinuria and hypoalbumenuria)

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5
Q

What are the LTIs?

A

urethritis and cystitis

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6
Q

Urethritis:

A

E coli, could lead to scaring

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7
Q

Cystitis:

A

common female infection, bladder infection

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8
Q

Broad UTIs (systemic):

A

PID, STDs

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9
Q

PID:

A

infection of female GI/GU

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10
Q

Prostate disorders:

A

Benign Prostate Hypertrophy, prostatitis, and cancer

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11
Q

Benign Prostate Hypertrophy:

A

lateral lobe, + or - urination and painful dysuria

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12
Q

prostatitis:

A

inflammation of prostate, infective gram -, chills, fever, urinary frequency, urgency, and LBP

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13
Q

Prostate cancer:

A

posterior lobe, men over 50, slow, progressive, urethral obstruction, hematuria, pyruia, and blastic metastasis, to the pelvis and lumbar spine

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14
Q

Inguinal hernia:

A

abnormal protrusion of tissue, may need surgery to prevent strangulation of testes

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15
Q

Balanitis:

A

inflammation of glans penis and prepuce

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16
Q

Orchitis:

A

testicular inflammation

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17
Q

phimosis:

A

constriction of foreskin, cannot be retracted

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18
Q

Hypospadias:

A

urethral defect on ventral surface “boots”

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19
Q

Epispadias:

A

urethral defect on dorsal surface “goggles”

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20
Q

Priapism:

A

painful, persistant, abnormal erection

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21
Q

Peyeronie’s disease:

A

dysplasia of cavernous sheaths with fibrosis, aka crooked penis

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22
Q

hydrocele:

A

generalized swelling in scrotum

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23
Q

spermatocele:

A

localized swelling

24
Q

Varicocele:

A

varicose veins, “bag of worms”

25
Q

Hematocele:

A

blood in testes

26
Q

Cryptochidism:

A

undescended testicles

27
Q

Paraphimosis:

A

turtle neck

28
Q

When is FSH secreted?

A

first half of the cycle, stimulaes egg development

29
Q

When is LH secreted?

A

mid cycle, from the pituitary, cause ovulation

30
Q

When is estrogen secreted?

A

first half of the cycle, proliferation, increased in pregnancy

31
Q

When is progesterone secreted?

A

second half of cycle, secretion, increased in pregnancy

32
Q

Endometriosis:

A

ectopic endometrium, painful menstruation

33
Q

Salpingitis:

A

infection of fallopian tubes, under 35, IUD increases risk, ectopic pregnancy

34
Q

When is HCG released?

A

pregnancy

35
Q

Ectopic pregnancy:

A

improper implantation, rupture could cause sterilization or death

36
Q

Hydatidiform mole:

A

instead of fetus, benign mass

37
Q

Choliocarcinoma:

A

instead of fetus, cancerous mass

38
Q

Ovarian tumor:

A

increase in hormone secretion, tumor of the ovaries, over 50

39
Q

Breast cancer:

A

increased in obesity, nulliparous, early menarche, late menopause

40
Q

Increased growth hormone:

A

children: gigantism, adult: acromegaly

41
Q

decreased growth hormone:

A

dwarfism

42
Q

Target organi of GH:

A

bone and cartilage

43
Q

Increased TSH:

A

hyperthyroidism aka Graves (weight loss, insomnia, goiter, nervousness, and HBP)

44
Q

decreased TSH:

A

hypothyroidism: children: cretinism & adult: myxedema

45
Q

What is the most common thyroid disease?

A

Hasimotot;s

46
Q

increased ACTH:

A

hyperadrenalism aka Cushing’s (moon face, hirsutism, purple striae, weight gain, hypertension, and buffalo hump)

47
Q

decreased ACTH:

A

hypoadrenalism aka Addison’s (bronze skin, hypotension)

48
Q

Decreased LH:

A

rare fertile eunuch syndrome

49
Q

decreased prolactin:

A

rare: fail to lactate

50
Q

increased MSH:

A

dark skin

51
Q

no MSH:

A

albino

52
Q

Function of oxytocin:

A

uterine contraction and milk let down

53
Q

Function of ADH and vasopressin?

A

inhibits urination

54
Q

Diabetes mellitus:

A

pancreas, insulin deficiency disorder, polydipsia, polyuria, and polyphagia

55
Q

Diabetes insipidus:

A

pituitary, ADH dediciency, polydypsia and polyuria

NBCE Part 1 (40 decks)

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