Set 37 GI path, resp, COPDs Pg 50,51 Flashcards
Achalasia:
no sphincter control, basic
Plummer Vinson:
AKA Paterson-Kelly, Irish plummer, mucosal membrane across lumen, “webs in your pipes”
Esophageal varices:
portal hypertension
Gastroesophageal reflux “disease”:
incompetence of lower esophageal sphincter, reflux gastric contents, Barrett’s esophagus
Esophageal diverticula:
AKA Zenker’s, outpouching of the mucosa and submucosa posteriorly, fills with food, possible regurgitation when bending or lying down
Mallory-Weiss:
laceration of distal esophagus and proximal stomach during vomiting, retching, or hiccups, hemorrhage- alcoholic
What are the two types of ulcers?
duodenal and gastric
Dudodenal ulcers:
most common, located at the beginning of small intestine, burning or gnawing pain, vomiting
Gastric ulcers:
located along the lesser curvature of the stomach, cause by heliobacter pylori and NSAIDS
Stomach cancer:
Occurs most frequently at the greater curvature, unexplained weight loss, unrelenting pain
Hepatitis:
inflammation of the liver
Cirrhosis:
secondary to chronic alcohol abuse, fatty liver
Liver cancer:
liver provides a fertile bed for the blood-borne metastases
Unexplained weight loss:
cancer, DM, AIDS
Skip lesions:
Chron’s
Alcoholics:
Mallory-Weis
Ulcerative colitis:
malabsorption
Diverticulum:
a pouch or sac through a defect
Diverticulosis:
presence of diverticula, no inflammation
Diverticulitis:
inflammation of diverticular mucosa, severe abdominal pain, fever, nausea, and change in bowel habits
Ulcerative collitis:
mucosal ulcerations, watery stools, episodic, bloody diarrhea, fever
IBS:
gas and distension, pencil thin stools, episodic, constipation, and diarrhea
Crohn’s :
aka regional enteritis, skip lesions, distal ileum, colon, chornic diarrhea, fever, and anorexia