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NBCE Part 1 > Set 31 Arthrology and Ligaments > Flashcards

Set 31 Arthrology and Ligaments Flashcards

1
Q

What are the synarthrosis joints?

A

(immovable) sutures, gomphoses, and synchondroses

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2
Q

Suture examples:

A

parietal bones of the skull, hard palate

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3
Q

Gomphoses examples:

A

teeth, styloid process in temporal bone

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4
Q

Synchondroses examples:

A

epiphyseal plate

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5
Q

What are the amphiarthoris joints?

A

(slightly movable) syndesmosis and symphysis

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6
Q

Syndesmoses examples:

A

between shafts of distal radius and ulna

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7
Q

Symphysis examples:

A

pubis symphysis, IVD

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8
Q

What are the diarthrosis joints?

A

hinge, pivot, gliding, saddle, ellipsoid, ball and socket

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9
Q

Hinge examples:

A

(ginglymus) knee, elbow, phlanges, TMJ

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10
Q

Pivot examples:

A

(trochoid) atlas/axis, proximal radioulnar

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11
Q

Gliding examples:

A

carpals/tarsals, sternoclavicular, and costovertebral

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12
Q

Saddle examples:

A

(sellar) thumb

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13
Q

Ellipsoid examples:

A

(condyloid) radiocarpal and atlanto-occipital

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14
Q

Ball and Socket examples:

A

(spheroid) hip and shoulder

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15
Q

What joint has the greatest range of motion?

A

spheroid, aka ball and socket

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16
Q

What are the fibrous joints?

A

sutures, gomphoses, and syndesmosis

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17
Q

What are the cartilaginous joints?

A

synchondrosis and syndesmosis

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18
Q

What are the ligamentous and synovial joints?

A

hinge, pivot, gliding, ellipsoid, saddle, and ball & socket

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19
Q

Sutures:

A

skull

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20
Q

Gomphoses:

A

teeth

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21
Q

Syndesmosis:

A

radius/ulna

22
Q

Synchondrosis:

A

epiphyseal plates

23
Q

Symphysis:

A

symphysis pubis

24
Q

What is the Unhappy Triad?

A

MAM, Medial meniscus, ACL, and Medial collateral ligament

25
Q

What is the strongest ligament of the foot?

A

deltoid

26
Q

What is the most commonly injured ligament of the ankle and foot?

A

lateral ligament

27
Q

What are the three parts of the lateral ligament?

A

anterior and posterior talofibular and calcaneofibular

28
Q

What is endochondral ossification?

A

cartilage is replaced by bone

29
Q

What is intramembranous ossification?

A

membranous bone

30
Q

What forms the Haversian canal?

A

compact bone aka Lamellae

31
Q

Where is the Haversian canal?

A

central canal of the osteon

32
Q

Where are lacunae found?

A

between lamellae

33
Q

What are osteocytes?

A

mature cells in lacunae

34
Q

What are canaliculi?

A

allow osteocytes to communicate

35
Q

What is cancellous bone?

A

spongy bone

36
Q

What is hydroxyapatite?

A

major inorganic component of bone

37
Q

What is an osteoblast?

A

makes bone, builds bone

38
Q

What is an osteoclast?

A

reabsorbs bone, breaks down bone

39
Q

What is the diaphysis?

A

shaft

40
Q

What disease has “rat bites”?

A

Rheumatoid Arthritis

41
Q

What are the cells of the oral cavity and anal canal?

A

stratified squamous

42
Q

Where are neurotransmitters stored?

A

terminal button

43
Q

Nerves and skin are derived from the:

A

ectoderm

44
Q

What ligament resists anterior translation and medial rotation of tibia in relation to femur?

A

ACL

45
Q

What ligament prevents the femur from sliding off the anterior edge of the tibia?

A

PCL

46
Q

What ligament resists knee pushing medially?

A

MCL

47
Q

What ligament distributes over 50% of the medial support of the elbow?

A

ulnar collateral

48
Q

What ligament protects the elbow from twisting forces?

A

ulnar collateral

49
Q

What ligament remains taught through flex and ext of the elbow?

A

radial collateral

50
Q

What ligament wraps around the radial head and allows rotation?

A

annular collateral

51
Q

What makes up the portal triad?

A

hepatic artery, hepatic portal vein, and common bile duct

52
Q

What connects the ciliary body with the crystalline lens of the eye?

A

Zonule of zinn

NBCE Part 1 (40 decks)

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