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NBCE Part 1 > Set 10 Arthrology and Special Senses > Flashcards

Set 10 Arthrology and Special Senses Flashcards

1
Q

What ligament runs along the anterior margin of the vertebral bodies?

A

anterior longitudinal ligament

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2
Q

What is the ALL called from atlas to occiput?

A

anterior atlantooccipital ligament

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3
Q

What ligament runs along the posterior margin of the vertebral bodies?

A

posterior longitudinal ligament

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4
Q

What is the PLL called from axis to occiput?

A

membrane tectoria

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5
Q

Where does ligamentum flava run?

A

from lamina to lamina

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6
Q

Where is the interspinous ligament thickest?

A

lumbars

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7
Q

What is the supraspinous ligament from C7-occiput called?

A

ligamentum nuchae

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8
Q

What ligament holds the dens in the fovea dentes of the atlas?

A

transverse ligament

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9
Q

What ligament runs from the body of C2 to occiput?

A

cruciform

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10
Q

What ligament runs from the sides of the dens to the occiput?

A

alar, aka check ligament

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11
Q

What is the function of the alar ligament?

A

limits rotation

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12
Q

Where does the apical dental ligament run?

A

from the tip of the dens to the rim of the occiput

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13
Q

What is the function of the denticulate ligament?

A

anchors the spinal cord to the bony vertebral canal

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14
Q

What ligaments can affect the IVF?

A

ligamentum flavum and the posterior longitudinal ligament

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15
Q

What are the special senses?

A

taste, smell, sight, and hearing

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16
Q

What are the taste papillae?

A

circumvallate, fungiform, and foliate

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17
Q

What papillae have no taste function?

A

filiform

18
Q

What taste bud is the largest and fewest?

A

circumvallate

19
Q

What do circumvallate papillae taste?

A

bitter

20
Q

What is the arrangement of circumvallate papillae on the tongue

A

8-12 in a V shape

21
Q

What is the most numerous taste bud?

A

fungiform

22
Q

What taste buds are found on the posterior roof and lateral margins of the mouth?

A

foliate

23
Q

What is the innervation path for taste in the anterior 2/3 of the tongue?

A

CN VII -> chorda tympani -> pterygopalatine ->solitary tract and nucleus

24
Q

What does the anterior 2/3 of the tongue taste?

A

sweet, sour, and salty

25
Q

What does the posterior 1/3 of the tongue taste?

A

bitter

26
Q

What is the innervation for taste in the posterior 1/3 of the tongue?

A

CN IX glossopharyngeal

27
Q

What is the innervation for taste in the epiglottis and larynx?

A

CN X

28
Q

What does the epiglottis and larynx taste?

A

bitter

29
Q

What does the retina develop from?

A

ectoderm

30
Q

What does the sclera develop from?

A

dura

31
Q

What is included in retinal cells?

A

amacrine, bipolar, ganglion, horizontal, pigments, rods and cones

32
Q

What is the nerve path for vision?

A

retina -> optic nerve -> optic chiasm -> optic tract (connects superior colliculus) -> lateral geniculate nucleus -> optic radiations -> calcarine fissure of the occipital lobe

33
Q

What is the fovea centralis?

A

center of the macula lutea, provides greatest visual acuity

34
Q

What is found in the fovea centralis?

A

only cones

35
Q

What is the “blind spot” where the optic nerve and vessels attach to the eye?

A

optic disc

36
Q

What does the ciliary muscle control?

A

lens shape

37
Q

What is the nerve pathway for the auditory pathway?

A

spiral ganglion -> cohlear nerve -> ventral -> dorsal cochlear nucleus -> lateral lemniscus -> inferior colliculus -> medial geniculate -> temporal lobe

38
Q

What is the sound pathway?

A

external auditory meatus -> tympanic membrane -> handle of malleus -> incus -> stapes -> oval window -> cochlea -> round window

39
Q

What do the semicircular canals monitor?

A

angular acceleration and deceleration

40
Q

What do the utricle and saccule monitor?

A

linear acceletration

41
Q

What runs from the middle ear to the nasopharyngeal area?

A

auditory tube

42
Q

What is another name for the auditory tube?

A

eustachian tube

NBCE Part 1 (40 decks)

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