Session 9: Liver

Question 1

How is the liver attached?

Answer 1

• coronary ligament
• left triangular ligament
• ligamentum teres

Question 2

Where is bile stored?

Answer 2

The gall bladder (v.concentrated)

Question 3

How much bile do we produce each day?

Answer 3

1L

Question 4

Define a portal system.

Answer 4

Two capillaries systems in series (I.e. Arteriole-> Capillaries-> vein -> capillaries-> vein)

Question 5

How many portal systems are there in humans? Name them!

Answer 5

1. Hepatic portal system

2. Hypothalamo-hypopherseal system

Question 6

What vein carries deoxygenated blood from the GI Tract to the liver?

Answer 6

Hepatic portal vein

Question 7

What does not travel in the portal hepatic vein? How are these structures transported otherwise?

Answer 7

• Lipids and fat soluble vitamins

- chylomicrons are taken up by lymphatics called lacteals (contain chyle)

Question 8

Name the 4 functions of the liver.

Answer 8

1. Anabolism/catabolism
2. Bile production
3. Storage (glycogen)
4. Detoxification

Question 9

TRUE OR FALSE: the liver can take over the removal of aged red blood cells following a splenectomy.

Answer 9

TRUE :)

Question 10

Name an exocrine secretion of the liver.

Answer 10

Bile

Question 11

TRUE OR FALSE: hepatocytes cannot regenerate

Answer 11

False

Question 12

What percentage of the liver population is made of hepatocytes?

Answer 12

80%

Question 13

What two vessels supple oxygen to the liver?

Answer 13

Hepatic artery and portal vein

Question 14

What is a sinusoid?

Answer 14

An irregular tubular space that has gaps in the epithelial cells.

Question 15

What is a portal triad?

Answer 15

A structure sound in the liver consisting of the bile duct, the portal vein and the hepatic artery.

Question 16

What shape is a liver lobule.

Answer 16

Hexagonal shaped

Question 17

What is the space of disse

Answer 17

Space between hepatocytes and sinusoid

Question 18

What is a bile canaliculus?

Answer 18

A thin tube that collects bile secreted by hepatocytes

Question 19

What are kupffer cells?

Answer 19

Specialist macrophages derived from monocytes that make up part of the sinusoid wall.

Question 20

What percentage of macrophages in the body are kupffer cells?

Answer 20

80%

Question 21

What are satellate (Ito) cells?

Answer 21

Cells containing cytoplasmic vesicles and vit A

Question 22

What happens in liver cirrhosis?

Answer 22

Sellate cells lose their vit A storage capabilities and differentiate into myofibroblasts. (They then synthesis and deposit collagen around the central vein leading to hypertension)