Sarcoidosis Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Sarcoidosis Deck (8)
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1
Q

What is sarcoid?

A

A multi-system granulomatous(epithelioid & giant cell) disorder or unknown aetiology.
Primarily affects the lungs (mostly upper zones)

2
Q

What are the stages of pulm. sarcoidosis?

A
0 - normal CXR
1 - Bilateral Hilar Lymphadenopathy
2 - BHL + Pulm. Infiltrates
3 - Pulm. Infiltrates 
4 - Progressive Fibrosis, Bulla formation (honeycombing) and pleural involvement
3
Q

Who is most commonly affected by Sarcoid?

A

African Americans
Young Adults (20-40)
Women > men

4
Q

hwo does sarcoid present?

A

Dyspnoea
Cough
Lower Exercise Tolerance
Chest Pain

Erythema Nodosum & arthralgia

Uveitis/Conjunctivitis/Glaucoma

5
Q

How is sarcoid investigated?

A
ABG
FBC
Serum Calcium & ACE (both raised)
PFT - Restrictive Pattern & reduced gas transfer
Raised LFTs.
Urinalysis - Hypercaliuria

CXR:

  • BHL
  • Pulm. Infiltrates
  • Granulomas
  • Fibrosis

CT (honeycombing more obvious on CT)

Bronchoscopy

  • EBUS
  • Biopsy

VATS (video assisted thoracoscopy) biopsy
Mediastinoscopy

6
Q

How is stage 1 sarcoid treated?

A

Mild acute sarcoid can be left and usually resolves with rest. NSAIDs can be added for erythema nodosum & arthralgia

7
Q

How is more severe sarcoid treated?

A

Oral Prednisalone
IV methylprednisalone if necessary
Topical steroids for uveitis & skin lesions

8
Q

What other treatments are there for sarcoid?

A

Lung transplant
Anti-TNFalpha treatments
Immunosupressents e.g. methotrexate