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Research Methods > Sampling > Flashcards

Flashcards in Sampling Deck (18)
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1
Q

A set of observations that contain all members of the population of interest

A

Census

2
Q

A larger group from which a sample is drawn - the group to which a study’s conclusions are intended to be applied

A

Population of interest

3
Q

The group of people, animals, or cases used in a study - a subset of the population of interest

A

Sample

4
Q

All members of the population have an equal chance of being included in the sample - they allow us to make inferences about the population of interest

A

Representative Sample

5
Q

Only sampling those who are most easy to get in contact with

A

Convenience Sampling

6
Q

Sampling only those who invite themselves - only those who volunteer to participate

A

Self Selection

7
Q

Every member of the population of interest has an equal chance of being selected for the sample, regardless of whether they are close by, easy to contact, or motivated to respond - Involve random selection

A

Probability Sampling (Random Sampling)

8
Q

Clusters of participants within a population of interest are randomly selected and then all individuals in each selected cluster are used

A

Cluster Sampling

9
Q

Two random samples are selected: A random sample of clusters, then a random sample of people within those clusters

A

Multistage Sampling

10
Q

What is the difference between random assignment and random sampling?

A

Random sampling - researchers are enhancing external validity by creating a sample using some random method so that each member of the population has equal chance of being in the sample
Random assignment - researchers are enhancing internal validity by ensuring the comparison group and treatment group are similar, controlling for alternative explanations

11
Q

The most basic form probability sampling in which the sample is chosen completely at random from the population of interest
Example: Drawing names out of a hate

A

Simple Random Sampling

12
Q

What is the difference between random assignment and random sampling?

A

Random sampling - researchers are enhancing external validity by creating a sample using some random method so that each member of the population has equal chance of being in the sample
Random assignment - researchers are enhancing internal validity by ensuring the comparison group and treatment group are similar, controlling for alternative explanations

13
Q

Researcher selects specific demographic categories on purpose and then randomly selects individuals within each of the categories

A

Stratified Random Sampling

14
Q

Researcher intentionally overrepresent one or more groups and then weight data to be representative in analysis

A

Oversampling

15
Q

A computer or random number table is used to select two random numbers - the sample is selected using the numbers

A

Systematic Sampling

16
Q

What is purposive sampling?

A

Researchers use this if they want to study only certain kinds of people, they recruit only those particular participants. (non random)

17
Q

What is snowball sampling?

A

one variation on purposive sampling. In which participants are asked to recommend a few acquaintances for the study.

18
Q

What is quota Sampling?

A

researcher identifies subsets of the population of interest and then sets a target number for each category in the sample.