Routes of Administration of Drugs Flashcards
1
Q
what are the general routes of administration?
A
local and systemic
2
Q
local route
A
meant to act locally; includes topical
3
Q
systemic route
A
absorption into bloodstream
4
Q
what are some local routes of administration?
A
skin, nasal, optical, urethral, vaginal, rectal. mammary, sublingual, GI tract, otic, epidural, intraspinal, intrasynovial, intramedullary
5
Q
what are the 3 systemic routes of administration?
A
- enteral
- parenteral
- inhalation
6
Q
enteral route
A
- into the GI tract
- orally by mouth (most common)
- per os
7
Q
parenteral route
A
- outside of GI tract
- by injection
- intravenous: IV; subcutaneous: SQ; intramuscular: IM
8
Q
inhalation route
A
gases, vapors, aerosols
9
Q
what are the advantages of enteral route?
A
- convenient (give at home)
- safe
- feeding tube is useful
- economical
- no concern for infection at site
- potential to decontaminate if needed
10
Q
what are the disadvantages of enteral route?
A
- slower onset of action
- inactivation by gastric [H, digestive enzymes, or rumen microflora
- food/other drugs may affect absorption
- activity of GI tract may effect absorption
- irritant drugs may cause vomitting
- palatability
- patient/owner compliance
