Conjunctiva
Latin- inner lining of the eyelids
Bio
Life
Biometry- the study of numerical data based on biological observations
Cornea
Latin- web, tunic
The central, transparent part of the outer coat of the eye covering the iris and the pupil
Lacrim
Tear
Lacrimal- pertaining to tears and the tear apparatus
Duct
To lead
Nasolacrimal duct- passage from the lacrimal sac to the nose
Ophthalm/o
Eye
Ophthalmology- diagnosis and treatment if diseases o the eye
Orbit
Latin- circle
The bony socket that holds the eyeball
Phot/o
Light
Photophobia- the fear of light because is hurts the eyes
Blephar
Eyelid
Blepharoptosis-drooping of the upper eyelid
Contagious
Latin- touch closely
Infection can be transmitted from person to person or from a person to a surface to a person
Tamin
Touch
Contamination- the presence of an infectious agent on any surface
Hordeolum
Latin- stye in the eye
Abscess in an eyelash follicle
Ptosis
Greek- drooping
Sinking down of the upper eyelid of an organ
Pur
Pus
Purulent- showing or containing a lot of pus
Commodat
Adjust
Accommodation-the act of adjusting something to make it fit the needs; in this case the lens of the eye adjust itself
Opia
Sight
Amblyopia- failure or incompetence developed on the pathways of vision to the brain
Trop
Turn
Esotropia- turning the eye inward toward the nose
Extrinsic
Latin- on the outer side
Any muscle located entirely on the outside of the structure under consideration; (the eye)
Ocul
Eye
Ocular- pertaining to the eye
Opt/o
Vision
Optometrist- someone skilled in the measurement of vision but who cannot treat eye diseases or prescribe medication
Stere
Three dimensional
Stereopsis- 3D vision
Strab
Squint
Strabismus- turning of an eye away from its normal position
Vascul
Blood vessel
Avascular- without blood supply
Iris
Latin- diaphragm of the eye
The colored portion of the eye with the pupil in its center
Dilation
Latin- dilation
Stretching or enlarging an opening or a structure
Lens
Latin- lentil shaped
Transparent refractive structure behind the iris
Pupil
The opening on the center of the iris that allows light to reach the lens
Retina
Latin- net
Light sensitive innermost layer of the eyeball
Sclera
Greek- hard
Fibrous outer covering of the eyeball and the white of the eye
Choroid
Greek- membrane
Region of the retina and uvea
Fovea
Latin- a pit
Fovea centralis- yellowish spot on the back of the retina; contains the fovea
Recept
Receive
Photoreceptor- cell that receives light and converts it into electrical impulses
Uvea
Latin- vascular layers
Middle coat of the eyeball; includes the iris, ciliary body and choroid
Visual acuity
Latin- sharpen
Sharpness and clearness of vision
Stigmat
Focus
Astigmatism- inability to focus light rays that enter the eye in different places
Foramen
Latin- hole
An opening through a structure
Opia
Sight
Hyperopia- able to see distant objects but unable to see close objects
In situ
Latin- in its original place
In the correct place
Mileusis
Lathe
Keratomileusis- cuts and shapes the cornea
Kerat
Cornea
Keratotomy- incision in the cornea
Myop
To blink
Myopia- able to see close objects but unable to see distant objects
Radi
Radius
Radial- diverging in all directions from any given center
Cataract
Latin- to break down
Complete or partial opacity of the lens
Rescein
Resin
Fluorescein- dye that produces a vivid green color under a blue light to diagnose corneal abrasions and foreign bodies
Glauc
Lens opacity
Glaucoma- increased intraocular pressure
Ophthalm
Eye
Ophthalmia neonatorum- conjunctivitis of the newborn
Sensitiv
Feeling
Photosensitivity- when light produces pain in the eye
Angio
Blood vessel
Angiography- radiography of vessels after injection of contrast material
Laser surgery
Use of a concentrated intense narrow beam of electromagnetic radiation
Coagul
Clotting
Photocoagulation- using light (laser beam) to form a clot
Blast
Immature cell
Retinoblastoma- malignant neoplasm of primitive retinal cells
Fundus
Latin- bottom
Part farthest from the opening or a hollow organ
Ishihara color system
Test for color vision defects
Jaeger reading cards
Type of different sizes for testing neat vision
Peripher
External boundary
Peripheral- pertaining to the periphery or external boundary
Snellen letter chart
Test for acuity of distant vision
Ton/o
Pressure, tension
Tonometer- instrument for determining intraocular pressure
Acetaminophen
Generic drug name
Medication that is an analgesic and antipyretic
Acute
Sharp
Disease of sudden onset
Chronic
Greek- time
A persistent long-term disease
Effusion
Latin- pouring out
Collection of fluid that has escaped from blood vessels into a cavity or tissues
Ot
Ear
Otitis media- inflammation if the middle ear
Audi/o
Hearing
Auditory- relating to hearing or the organs of hearing
Auricle
Latin- ear
The shell-like external ear
Cerumen
Latin- wax
Waxy secretion of glands of the external ear
Cur
Cleanse, cure
Curette- scoop-shaped instrument for scraping or removal of new growths (earwax)
Impacted
Latin- driven in
Immovably wedged as with earwax blocking the external canal
Irrig
To water
Irrigation- use of water; eg to remove wax from the external ear canal
Meatus
Latin- to go through
Passage or channel; also external opening of a passage
Pinna
Latin- wing
Another name for auricle
Topic
Local
Topical- medication applied to the skin to obtain a local affect
Tympan
Eardrum
Tympanic- pertaining to the tympanic membrane (eardrum) or the tympanic cavity
Aden
Gland
Adenoid- single mass of lymphoid tissue in the midline at the back of the throat
Incus
Latin- anvil
Middle one of the three ossicles in the middle ear; shaped like an anvil
Malleus
Latin- hammer
Outer (lateral) one of the three ossicles in the middle ear; shaped like a hammer
Mast
Breast
Mastoid- small bony protrusion immediately behind the ear
Ossicle
A small bone, particularly relating to the three bones in the middle ear
Stapes
Latin- stirrup
Inner (medial) one of the three ossicles of the middle ear; shaped like a stirrup
Chol/e
Bile
Cholesteatoma- yellow waxy tumor arising in the middle ear
Steat
Fat
Coryza
Greek- catarrh
Viral inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nose
Myring/o
Tympanic membrane
Myringotomy- incision in he tympanic membrane of the nose
Otosclerosis
Hardening at the kind junction of the stapes and oval window that causes loss of hearing
Basil
Base, support
Basilar- pertaining to the base if the structure
Cochlea
Latin- snail shell
An intricate combination of passages; used to describe the inner ear
Conductive hearing loss
Latin- to lead
Hearing loss caused by lesions in the outer ear or middle ear
Implant
To insert material into tissues
Labyrinth
The inner ear
Weber test
Test for sensorineural hearing loss
Ampulla
Latin- two-handler bottle
Dilated portion of a canal or duct
Crista
Crest
Crista ampullaris- mound of hair cells and gelatinous material in the ampulla of a semicircular canal
Librium
Balance
Equilibrium- being evenly balanced
Meniere disease
Disorder if the inner ear with acute attacks of tinnitus, vertigo, an hearing loss
Lith
Stone
Otolith- a calcium particle in the vestibule o the inner ear
Paroxysm
Sudden, sharp attack
Paroxysmal- occurring in sharp, spasmodic episodes
Tinnitus
Latin- jingle
Persistent ringing, whistling, cracking, or booming noise in the ears
Vertigo
Latin- dizziness
Sensation of spinning or whirling
Vestibule-
space at the entrance of a canal