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GCSE Chemistry (C1) > Rocks and Building Materials > Flashcards

Flashcards in Rocks and Building Materials Deck (19)
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1
Q

What are the main uses of limestone?

A
  1. As a building material (blocks)
  2. To make calcium oxide
  3. To make cement
2
Q

How is conrete made?

A

By mixing cement with sand, aggregate, and water

3
Q

What kind of reaction occurs when calcium carbonate is heated?

A

Thermal decomposition.

4
Q

What products are made when calcium carbonate is heated?

A

Calcium oxide (CaO) and carbon dioxide

5
Q

What products are formed when metal carbonates are heated strongly?

A

A metal oxide and carbon dioxide

6
Q

What products are formed when metal carbonates react with acid?

A

A salt, water, and carbon dioxide.

7
Q

A Bunsen burner flame cannot get hot enough to decompose which paticular metal carbonates?

A

Sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate.

8
Q

Why is limestone damaged by acid rain?

A

Because the calcium carbonate in the limestone reacts with the acids in the rain to form salt, water, and carbon dioxide.

9
Q

What is the chemical name for limewater?

A

Calcium hydroxide solution

10
Q

What can limewater be used to test for and how does this work?

A

Carbon dioxide. The limewater turns cloudy as it reacts with the carbon dioxide to produce insoluble calcium carbonate (which is what the cloudiness is).

11
Q

Draw a diagram showing each stage of the lime cycle.

A
12
Q

How is cement made?

A

Limestone is mixed with clay and heated strongly in a kiln. The product is then ground up to make a fine power.

13
Q

How is mortar made?

A

By mixing cement with sand and water

14
Q

What is mortar used for?

A

Holding bricks and blocks together in buildings

15
Q

What is aggregate made out of?

A

Small stones or crushed rock.

16
Q

Complete the sentence:

________ can be poured into moulds before it sets to form a _____ _____.

A

Concretecan be poured into moulds before it sets to form a hard solid.

17
Q

What do we depend on limestone for?

A

Building materials. Cement and conrete are needed in most buildings

18
Q

What are the disadvantages of quarrying limestone?

A
  • Dust and noise
  • More traffic
  • Loss of wildlife habitats
  • The environment is permanently changed
  • Often cement works are built nearby. These use large amounts of land and energy to heat the limestone with clay in large kilns.
19
Q

What are the advantages of quarrying limestone?

A
  • More employment for locals
  • Once quarries are no longer used, can be turned into new wildlife habitiats or used for rock climbing
  • Improved roads/infrastructure
  • Currently the only way of getting limestone needed