Rhetoric Flashcards
Ethos
Ethos is about what you radiate as a person; the impression you make
Logos
Logos is about the quality of your arguments
Pathos
Pathos is about what you want to elicit from your audience, the mood you want to cause your listeners to be in
Name the definition of Figures of speech
Figures of speech are words and constructions you can employ to make your argument more attractive
Repetition
A word or a phrase is repeated almost verbatim a number of times, hammering it home to the argument
E.g. It’s not going well, in fact it’s going badly, really badly
Anaphora
A repetition at the start of a number of sentences or lines of verse is called an anophora
E.g. I have a dream… (Martin Luther King)
The rule of three
the number three plays a big role in rhetoric
A discourse, has three phases (head-rump-tail) and the use of three arguments is recommended, being a quantity that sticks
E.g. blood, sweat and tears
Chiasmus
Two related sentences phrases are each other’s syntactical mirror image
E.g. Don’t ask what your hcountry can do for you, but ask what you can do for your country!
Rhetorical question
A question which instead of being a real question is a definite statement in the shape of a question. It is not meant to be answerd.
Are you entierly out of your mind?
Metaphor
In a metaphor, you call something by another name directly, comparing that which you really mean with that which you call it.
E.g. Julia and Sara are angles.
Tautology
A concept is repeated using a different word that has roughly the same meaning. Both words belong to the same lexical category. When used carelessly, a tautology is considered to be a stylistic error.
E.g. All well and good
Pleonasm
An obvious quality of an obect or a concept is repeated. The words or concepts used in a pleonasm belong to two different lexical categories. Carelessly used pleonasms are also considered to be stylistic errors.
E.g. A round circle
Hyperbole
A more or less appropriate exaggeration, hyperbole often has a comical effect.
E.g. to laugh one’s head of
Enumeration
A number of names, facts, arguments follow each other up, giving each element of the enumeration an emphatic and convincing ring
E.g. He did not notice where he was going, through alleys, passing gardens and factories, running blindly, but still seeing faces flash that greeted him: blushing girls, wearied labourers, shrivelled intellectuals, disappointed family men.
Paradox
A paradox is an apparent contradiction. Something appears not to be right, but upon closer reading the phrasing turns out to be correct after all.
E.g. Man was born free, and everywhere he is in chains.
