Respiratory

Question 1

what is a positive TB test?

Answer 1

indurated or raised, not just red!
> 5mm (+) test if HIV+, recent contact with TB, or immunocompromised
> 10mm (+) test if immigrant from Asia, Africa, young child exposed to TB, IV drug user, jail/nursing home
> 15mm (+) for person with no risk factors

Question 2

1st line treatment for asthma

Answer 2

SABA (albuterol)

Question 3

Which among the list can cause increase in respiration?

a) low oxygen
b) high oxygen
c) hypercapnia
d) hypocapnia

Answer 3

C) hypercapnia (retention of CO2)

increase RR to blow off excess CO2

Question 4

treatment for acute bronchitis?

Answer 4

NO antibiotics, 90% viral

Question 5

define CURB-65

Answer 5

scale for PNA:
Confusion
BloodUrea nitrogen elevated
Respiratory rate of >30 breaths/min
Blood pressure less than 90 mmHg systolic or diastolic blood pressure 60 mmHg or less
Age 65 or older
0-1 outpatient treatment
2: possible hospital or close watch outpatient
3-5: requires hospitalization

Question 6

what is the most common form of lung cancer?

Answer 6

non-small cell carcinoma

Question 7

What is the screening for lung cancer?

Answer 7

55-80 years old with a 30 pack year history of smoking or have quit smoking in the past 15 years.
Low-dose CT scan.

Question 8

1st line treatment for SEVERE asthma attack

Answer 8

adrenaline injection

Question 9

a healthy adult with no fever and a barking cough for 3 weeks.

Answer 9

pertussis (whooping cough)

also rule out PNA

Question 10

treatment for pertussis/whooping cough

Answer 10

macrolides:
Azithromycin
antitussives
mucolytics

Question 11

treatment for community acquired PNA?

Answer 11

Azithro or Doxy for healthy adult and kids, Levaquin or older adult or comorbids

Question 12

treatment for atypical (Mycoplasma) pneumonia?

Answer 12

doxy or azithro

Question 13

An FEV1/FVC ratio under ____ confirms COPD diagnosis.

Answer 13

0.70 or 70%

Question 14

Is Ipratropium (Atrovent) preferred to treat asthma or COPD?

Answer 14

copd

Question 15

when do you premedicate for exercise induced asthma?

Answer 15

10-15 min before

Question 16

What does CURB-65 stand for?

And what is the scale?

Answer 16

scale for PNA
Confusion
U- BUN > 19
RR > 30
BP LESS than 90/60
Age >65
0-1 treat outpatient
3-5 hospitalize