Research Methods 2- developing questionnaire/proforma Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Research Methods 2- developing questionnaire/proforma Deck (13)
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1
Q

What is research?

A

A study which is trying to generate new knowledge about patients or conditions or healthcare
services which is applicable to a wider population.

2
Q

What is service evaluation?

A

Evaluate or assess some part of a local healthcare service

The aim is to improve the service based on the evidence that you collect

Results from your project will only feed back into this particular service, they will not apply to
patients, or services, across the country

Any method can be used to evaluate a service
AKA service improvement, quality improvement

3
Q

What is a clinical audit?

A

a quality improvement process that seeks to improve patient care and outcomes through systematic review of care against explicit criteria and the implementation of change

4
Q

What are the 5 steps in a clinical audit?

A

Identify - What are we trying to achieve? - guidelines, evidence, patient and public involvement, agree standards and process design

Method - other information to measure achievement - questionnaire, data collection and sampling

Analyse - are we achieving it now? Why are we not achieving it? - facilitation

Change - do something to make it better - change management, benchmarking, process redesign

Monitor - Have things improved? Data collecti

5
Q

What are the best methods for finding out answers to audit aims?

A

Patint notes/records review
Survery of staff and patients
Interviews - telephone or face to face
Focus groups

6
Q

How is confidentiality maintained in a clinical audit

A

NO PATIENT IDENTIFIERS can leave the clinical environment
◦ Use anonymous patient notes/data if possible
◦ If non-anonymous, anonymise as soon as is possible and thereafter use anonymous participant numbers
◦ Collect all data and immediately anonymise in one go if possible

7
Q

What must the data collected from patient note reviews be?

A

Data may be categorical (Y/N) or on a continuous scale (e.g. blood pressure)

8
Q

What are likert scales?

A

Respondents specify level of agreement or disagreement

on a symmetric scale for a series of statements.

9
Q

What are some assumptions made by likert scales? [4]

A
  1. Bipolar scaling method, measuring either positive or negative response to a statement
  2. Likert scaling assumes distances between each response are equal, (also called interval level data)
  3. Each response gets a number e.g. 1 to 5
  4. Usually multiple statements, all related to each other, are posed
  5. Scores are summed across statements to form a scale – all items have equal weight
10
Q

Describe the clinical audit cycle

A
Identify 
Method
Analyse 
Change
Monitor
11
Q

Which data sources are available for audits?​

A
Telephone interviews ​
medical notes ​
Staff survey ​
focus groups ​
interviews
12
Q

What are the different questionnaire question types ?

A

Open ​
closed statements ​
binary

13
Q

What is social desirability bias ?

A

Respondent provides the politically correct social desirable answer as opposed to their true answer.