Republican Period 509-31 BC

Question 1

What changes?

Answer 1

• Elite members in charge of setting up
• Don’t like arrogance and cruelty, anti-Etruscan feeling, back to Roman roots
• Desire to share power, allowing many people to control the power, so no 1 individual can become too important

Question 2

Clans (gentes)

Answer 2

extended family groups that have personal power within their family but now as power is being shared they want to share it equally amongst other groups

Question 3

Patricians

Answer 3

elite members of society that are in control come from Patrician clans
-Come from the word patres (fathers; kings advisors; senate)- elderly men that previously counseled the King, they sat together in a group they became a senate

Question 4

Consuls

Answer 4

2 men sharing imperium for state) instead of one man in charge

• Share the power of the state equally – the imperium (power to command other citizens) -> change from King
• Then they put a series of restrictions so the consuls can’t be too powerful

Question 5

What were the check’s on the Consuls power imposed by the senate?

Answer 5

1. Elected by Romans
2. Only hold power for one year
3. 2 people sharing the post concurrently -> principle of collegiality
4. While in office, consuls held ultimate power and could rule as they thought best, but after their tenure was over, they could be held accountable for their actions -> principle of accountability

Question 6

Naming system

Answer 6

Praenomen, nomen, cognomen
personal name, family, additional
clan
Plebians vs. Patricians (workers vs. elite)

Patricians were the descendants from the patres, city fathers

Plebians were shopkeepers, crafts people, unskilled/skilled workers

After the Kings left, the elite took over - oligarchy

Question 7

Poniffs

Answer 7

Priests (religious advisors of the state)

Question 8

Praetor

Answer 8

8 men

1. commander of the army
2. magistrate elected

*judicial business

Question 9

Aediles

Answer 9

2 patrician, 2 plebian

public works supervisors

Question 10

Quaestor

Answer 10

20 men

Finance guys

Question 11

Full Republican Triangle

Answer 11

1 Dictator               2 Censors
(2 Consuls elect the above)
Praetor (8)
Aediles (4)
Quaestor (20)

Question 12

Conflict of Orders

Patricians vs. Plebeians

Answer 12

Economic- debt of Plebeians, public land owned by Patricians)

Social- no equality, no members in gov’t, no intermarriage

Question 13

Succession of the Plebeians

Answer 13

1st: 494 BC
Right of tribunes, assembly, magistrates

450 - Law of 12 Tablets
-Procedural rights for all romans

445 BC Intermarriage

2nd: 367 BC Plebs can be elected for consul, new laws addressing debts
- Half of priests must be plebs

3rd: 287 BC Done
- All measures passed in plebs assembly

*KNOW IMAGE