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Flashcards in Reproductive Technology Deck (29)
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1
Q

17th century– 1800s

A

Observed biology

2
Q

1950s

A

Shown that traits are passed down from parents

3
Q

60s

A

First ultrasound

4
Q

1978

A

First test tube baby

5
Q

6 prohibited acts

A

Cloning/creating embryo for any purpose other than reproduction
Maintain embryo outside body more than 14 days post fert.
Screen, select, influence sex selection
Heritable gene alterations
Cross species alterations or transplants
No purchasing or selling

6
Q

Egg repair

A

Nucleus of mothers egg is placed in donor egg

7
Q

Embryo repair

A

Mother’s egg is fertilized by father’s sperm, parents nucleus is removed and placed in donor embryo

8
Q

Eugenics

A

Controlled breeding practices used to improve genetic quality of offspring

9
Q

Positive eugenics

A

Healthier babies

10
Q

Negative eugencis

A

Increased abortions because people think traits are unfavourable

11
Q

6 objections to enhancement

A
Playing god
Introducing risks
Threats to diversity and humanity
Paradoxical counter productivity
Misuse and inequality of resources
Problems of free choice and autonomy
12
Q

1927

A

Virginia ruling to sterilize defective people

13
Q

Carrie Buck

A

Became pregnant at 17 and was institutionalized in fear she would pass on her mother’s promiscuity

14
Q

IVF

A

Create embryos that have been genetically tested

15
Q

Genetic testing

A

Diagnose or predict presence or susceptibility to genetic conditions in people high risk for certain disorders

16
Q

Genetic screening

A

Evaluate a person, group or population for prescence or susceptibility to genetic conditions without regard to family history or risk factors

17
Q

Recombinant DNA

A

Transfer a DNA fragment from one organism to a self-replicating genetic element

18
Q

Reproductive cloning

A

Genetic material is transferred into a donor cell whose material has been removed– egg is stimulated to divide and transferred into surrogate mother

19
Q

Therapeutic cloning

A

Human embryos are produced exclusively for research– stem cells and study development

20
Q

2special properties of stem cells

A

Ability to self-renew

Ability to differentiate into specialized cells

21
Q

Embryonic stem cells

A

Obtained from blastocytes. Undifferentiated and can form multiple tissues

22
Q

Adult stem cells

A

Obtained from adult tissue– blood, bone marrow, skin cells, umbilical cord blood

23
Q

4 viable sources of ESC

A

Cadaveric fetal tissue
IVF embryos that will now be destroyed
IVF embryos made solely for research
Embryos created asexually through somatic cell nuclear transfer

24
Q

Genetic treatment

A

Change genome of person living with genetic abnormality to improve quality and length of life

25
Q

Genetic enhancement

A

Making changes to a person’s genome to improve genetic code and generate desirable characteristics beyond what is typical for the species

26
Q

Positive genetic engineering

A

Enhancements make improvements to individual

27
Q

Negative genetic engineeing

A

Treatment removes defects

28
Q

Glannon

A

Only therapeutic genetic enhancements are appropriate

29
Q

Brock

A

In favour of genetic enhancement as long as its the parents that select for the children