Reproduction: Male/female development Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Reproduction: Male/female development Deck (14)
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1
Q

What is the role of the testes? (3)

A
  • Male gonads
  • Delivery of sperm to female
  • Production of sperm (spermatogenesis)
2
Q

What is the basic structure of the testes? (2)

A

250-300 compartments

Seminiferous tubules

3
Q

What are the different cells of the testes and their roles? (4)

A

> Leydig cells - secrete testosterone
Sertoli cells - support sperm development
Smooth muscle - peristalsis, propel sperm
Blood-testis barrier - tight junctions, luminal compartment, basal compartment

4
Q

What is the structure of the seminiferous tubules? (7)

A

Inside to out:

  1. Lumen
  2. Spermatid
  3. Spermatocyte
  4. Spermatogonium
  5. Sertoli cell
  6. Basement membrane
  7. Leydig cell
5
Q

What are the effects of testosterone? (4)

A

Promotes growth and maturity
Develops sex drive
Promotes descent of testes into the scrotum
Causes physical changes

6
Q

What is the function of Sertoli cells? (6)

A
Support sperm development
Secrete luminal fluid in which sperm develop
Secrete androgen-binding protein
Target cells to testosterone and FSH
Secrete inhibin
Secrete MIS
7
Q

What is a penis?

A

Male copulatory organ - penetrates vagina and deposits sperm

8
Q

What happens to the penis during sexual arousal? (4)

A

Blood flow to the penis increases
Engorges erectile tissue
Penis swells and elongates

Sperm ejects through the urethra

9
Q

What is the role of the scrotum? (4)

A
  • Suspended beneath the penis
  • Houses testes
  • Thin walled sac - 2/3*C cooler (sperm can’t develop at body temp)
  • Dartos and cremaster muscle contract to regulate temp in the cold
10
Q

What is the order of the reproductive tract? (7)

A
Seminiferous tubules
Rete testis
Efferent ductules
Epididymus
Vas deferens
Ejaculatory duct (prostate gland)
Urethra
11
Q

What are the accessory glands? (3)

A

Seminal vesicles - secrete chemicals
Prostate gland - secrete citrate and enzymes
Bulbourethral glands - secrete viscous fluid with mucous

12
Q

What is involved in male hormone regulation? (3)

A

Gonadotrophins:
> FSH - stimulates gametogenesis
> LH - stimulates androgen secretion

13
Q

What are the blood levels of sex hormones in males? (2)

A

Low level pre puberty

High level post puberty

14
Q

What are the effects of androgens in males? (6)

A

Stimulate spermatogenesis
Promote development of secondary sex characteristics
Increase sex drive
Promote protein synthesis
Stimulate growth hormone secretion
Promote development of male reproductive structures