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Flashcards in Religion Deck (7)
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1
Q

Why would they attack orthodox church

A
  • Emphasis on rights on individual didn’t go well with socialist emphasis on collective
  • Alternative idealogy
  • Opium for masses (create an artificial happiness by distracting from real sufferings)
  • Was closely connected with tsarist regime. Tsar was its head, all the appointments had to be approved by tsar
2
Q

Lenin

A
  • 1918 Decree on Freedom of Conscience; Church’s land taken away without compensation and religion banned to be taught outside home
  • Many churches destroyed
  • Priests denied vote and food rationing
  • During Red terror 1921-22 1000 priests killed
  • In the end Metropolitan Sergei of Moscow gave support to the government so it was more lean
3
Q

Stalin

A
  • During collectivisation priests labelled as kulags and sent to gulags (specially during Great Purge 1936-9)
  • After German invasion when church gave its full support things changed. Seminaries and churches re-opned and there was a general acceptance that in critical situation church can be a good thing to uphold morales
4
Q

Khrushchev

A
  • Pretty severe again
  • During his times 10,000 churches closed
  • Priests were limited only to give spiritual advice
5
Q

Brezhnev

A
  • He was aware that the repression didn’t look good outside Russia so to save his international relations he was more lean
  • He was happy with churches to exist as long as they supported the government and were helping the poor
6
Q

Islam

A
  • Sharia courts were banned

- Ramadan and Polygamy too (women rights and working conditions)

7
Q

Results

A
  • 1980s survey found that only 25% believed in God while much less were practicing religion
  • On the other hand those who believed anyway had their faith much strengthen