Reflexes, postural reactions, developmental milestones Flashcards Preview

PCE - Paediatrics > Reflexes, postural reactions, developmental milestones > Flashcards

Flashcards in Reflexes, postural reactions, developmental milestones Deck (23)
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1
Q

What is the APGAR?

A

Neonatal Ax

2
Q

What is included in the APGAR? Scoring?

A

5 aspects (appearance, pulse, grimace (reflex irritability), activity, and respiration)

each scored from 0 (non-existent) to 2 (normal and strong).
Score of 0-3 indicates being born in significant distress, 4-6 mild distress.

3
Q

Goals of peds physio

A

participation, motor abilities, functional mobility, health & prevention

4
Q

9 Peds reflexes

A
  • Sucking reflex
  • Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex
  • Moro reflex
  • Grasping reflex
  • Stepping reflex
  • Babinski
  • Symmetrical tonic reflex
  • Rooting reflex
5
Q

What is the Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex? During what months is it present??

A

0-4months: head turned to one side with extension of ipsilateral and flexion of contralateral arm (fencer’s pose)

6
Q

What is the Moro reflex?

A

when feeling like they are falling the child will open their arms then bring them back to their chest

7
Q

What is the grasping reflex? During what months is it present??

A

0-4 months

grasp when pressure is put on palm of hand, will relax if you stroke back of hand

8
Q

What is the stepping reflex? During what months is it present??

A

body weight shift and the baby will make stepping motions

first 2 months

9
Q

What is the babinski reflex? During what months is it present??

A

Extension of big toe and fanning of rest with stimulation of sole of foot

Normal in infants until 12-24 months, e

10
Q

What is the Symmetrical tonic reflex ? During what months is it present??

A

stim neck flexion or extension, will flex UE and extend Le with neck flex and when neck extended UE will extend and LE are flexed

3 months

11
Q

What is the plantar grasp reflex ? During what months is it present??

A

Stim: pressure to base of toe, toe flexion

Present at 28 wks to 9-10 months

12
Q

What is the rooting reflex ? During what months is it present??

A

stroke side of cheek, baby will open mouth and turn towards side of stimulation

up to 3 months

13
Q

What are 3 paediatric postural reactions

A

Righting reactions
Equilibrium reactions
Protective reactions

14
Q

Key developmental milestones: 0-3mths

A
  • able to turn head side to side
  • brief head righting
  • random kicks in supine
  • maintain head midline
  • hand fisted will reflex grasp
15
Q

Key developmental milestones: 4-5mths

A
  • able to prop with extended elbows
  • head control
  • rolls
  • supported sitting (good head control, turns head)
  • weight bears in standing when supported
  • grasp/hold small toys
  • release toys
  • increased frequency of reaching
16
Q

Key developmental milestones: 5mths

A

head control in sitting

17
Q

Key developmental milestones: 6mths

A
  • sitting independently
  • uses hands for play
  • stands with support
  • radial-palmar grasp
  • rake to grasp
  • reaching path is straight
18
Q

Key developmental milestones: 7mths

A
  • anticipate and orient hand for reach and grasp

- commando crawling

19
Q

Key developmental milestones: 8-9 months

A
  • 4 point kneel (start with rocking to crawl backwards to crawl forwards)
  • moves from sit to prone
  • pivots in sitting
  • may pull to stand
  • points and pokes with index finger
  • uses pincher grip
20
Q

Key developmental milestones: 10-11mths

A
  • doesn’t like prone or supine (will get out of it)
  • sitting bum scoot
  • standing (transfer from stand to sit without falling, picks up objects from floor w/o support (pincer grasp)
  • stands hands free for a few secs)
  • mobility (crawls up stairs, cruising, walking w/ hands held, can start walking independently)
21
Q

Key developmental milestones: 12-18mths

A
  • walks independently
  • transitions to stand at mid floor
  • squats
  • picks up toys without support
  • walks up stairs with hand held or rail
  • initiates ball kick
  • throws ball
  • walks backwards and sideways a few steps
  • opens books
  • puts pellets in bottle
  • handedness usually established
22
Q

Key developmental milestones: 2-2.5years

A
  • propels or steer push toys
  • walk on tiptoes
  • jumps
  • stand on one foot
  • kick ball
  • throw and catch
  • ascend and descend stairs Independently
23
Q

Key developmental milestones: 5-5years

A
  • climb stairs independently
  • run faster and more controlled
  • walk in straight line
  • throw under and over head
  • somersaults
  • gallop and skip
  • dress and eat independently;
  • uses mature tripod grasp (4.5 yrs)