Redox

Question 1

OILRIG

Answer 1

OXIDATION is loss of electrons, REDUCTION is gain of electrons

Question 2

displacement reaction

Answer 2

more reactive metal takes the place of the metal ion and it is converted to a solid.

Question 3

what is included in an ionic equation

Answer 3

charges for any acids/ionic substances

Question 4

electrochemical cells

Answer 4

• metal higher up in ECS will lose electrons

- electrons flow through wire and other metal gains electrons.

Question 5

electrolyte

Answer 5

ionic solution

Question 6

ways of extracting metals

Answer 6

1. heat alone
2. heat with carbon
3. electrolysis

Question 7

ore

Answer 7

rock with metal inside

Question 8

reducing agent

Answer 8

brings about reduction (a gain of electrons) by losing and donating electrons itself i.e. it is oxidised.
write equation backwards to show oxidation

Question 9

oxidising agent

Answer 9

brings about oxidation (a loss of electrons) by accepting and gaining electrons itself i.e. it is reduced.

Question 10

what is H- known as

Answer 10

Hydride ion

Question 11

where are strong reducing agents found

Answer 11

top right of ECS

Question 12

where are strong oxidising agents found

Answer 12

bottom left of ECS

Question 13

electronegativity and oxidising agents

Answer 13

elements with a high electronegativity are likely to act as oxidising agents as they tend to form ions by gaining electrons. These tend to be non-metals.

Question 14

electronegativity and reducing agents

Answer 14

elements with a low electronegativity tend to form ions by losing electrons so act as reducing agents. These tend to be metals.

Question 15

what group are the strongest reducing agents found in

Answer 15

group 1 (alkali metals)

Question 16

what group are the strongest oxidising agents found in

Answer 16

group 7 (halogens)

Question 17

how to use data booklet to find out what could be used to oxidise ions

Answer 17

to the left and further down than the ion

Question 18

everyday uses of oxidising agents

Answer 18

• potassium permanganate used to treat fungal infections such as athlete’s foot and prevent disease in fish in ponds.
• hydrogen peroxide used to break down coloured compounds and used as ‘bleach’ for clothes and hair.

Question 19

examples of compounds as oxidising agents

Answer 19

1. Dichromate (Cr2O7^2-)
2. Permanganate (MnO4^-)
3. Hydrogen Peroxide (H2O2) not in db

Question 20

examples of compounds as reducing agents

Answer 20

1. carbon monoxide (CO)

blast furnace- reduced Iron (III) ions to Iron atoms

Question 21

steps for complex ion-electron equations

Answer 21

1. check the main element is balanced
2. add in H2O to balance out oxygen
3. add in H+ ions to balance out hydrogen
4. add in electrons to same side as H+ to balance the charge.

Question 22

electrodes

Answer 22

electrodes (one + and one -) dip into the electrolyte and from the connection of the electric wires. Any chemical reactions occur at their surfaces.