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Flashcards in Reasons For Detente Deck (33)
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1
Q

What are the four factors for promotig detente?

A

1) Sino-US rapproachment
2) Economic costs
3) Arms Race
4) Sphere of Influence (retreat and expansion)

2
Q

When did Mao invite Nixon and the US to China for a table tennis match?

A

1969

3
Q

Were the talks at the table tennis match succesful?

A

Yes

4
Q

What did Nixon do in response to the improved realtions with the Chinese and when?

A

In 1969 Nixon removed trade restricions and travel barriers between the two countries

5
Q

How much did trade increase by during the early 1970s between China and the USA?

A

From $5Mn to $500Mn

6
Q

When did China join the U.N security council following US reccomendation and backing?

A

1971

7
Q

When did Nixon visit China to discuss politics?

A

1972

8
Q

What were the achievements of Nixon’s visit to China?

A

He and Mao:

1) Agreed on a PC policy between them
2) Agreed on a SE Asia military pact

9
Q

Why did Sino-US approachment shock and scare the USSR?

A

Becuse it suggested that China, a recently hostile neighbour country that were also very powerful in size and to a certain extent economics, were now Allies with the USA who were the USSR’s main enemy in the CW.

10
Q

What were the Soviet leadership forced to do in response to the increasing pressures of the Sino-US rapproachment?

A

They came to the negotiaiting table to smooth out any rough relations they had with the USA so to prevent any tension and therfore a possible attack upon them.

11
Q

Why did the Sino-US reapproachment promte the USA into adopting detente?

A

They were in a position of strength and so could exert strength

12
Q

How much did Vietnam cost the US economy in 1969?

A

$30 Billion in 1969 alone

13
Q

How much and percentage of the US economy (GDP) was spent on the military in 1969?

A

9% = $438 Billion

14
Q

What did US economic employment reach in the 1970s?

A

5%

15
Q

How much did inflation in the US economy rise in 1970 due to the Vietnam War?

A

6%

16
Q

What percenatge of the USSR economy (GNP) was spent on supporting communist states throughout Europe?

A

75%

17
Q

What percenatge of the USSR’s economic workforce were employed in the military sector?

A

30%

18
Q

What was there a lack of in the USSR economy and what did this lead to?

A

lack of consumer goods lead to frustration

19
Q

What was annual economic growth in the USSR during the 1970’s?

A

A measley 3%

20
Q

What fraction was the USSR’s economy compared to the USA?

A

1/6th

21
Q

What was the annual national income increase in the USSR?

A

3%

22
Q

How did the economic burdens upon the USA and USSR lead to detente?

A

The burdens were caused by a confrontational foreign policy. Detente was not confrontational and so would solve the problems in theory

23
Q

How did the Arms Race lead to detente?

A

1) M.A.D fear

2) Economic cost

24
Q

What percenatge of the USA’s nuclear stockpile did the USSR have in 1969?

A

Around 50%

24
Q

How did the Arms Race lead to economic difficuilties?

A

It was firstly very expensive but also meant that the economic resorces of both countries were diverted away from improving the standard of living.

25
Q

How many warheads did the USSR and USA have in comparison during 1969? and what did this lead to?

A

USA = 28,000
USSR = 11,000
The USSR saw this detente an opportunity to catch up with the USA in the arms race

26
Q

What did the USSR use detente as, in terms of the arms race?

A

A chance to catch up with them

27
Q

What events throughout the world lead the USA to adopt a policy of detetne?

A

1) Vietnam War

2) France withdrew from NATO in 1966

29
Q

How many Americans died in the Vietnam War?

A

58,000

30
Q

What would Brezhnev use detente for in terms of the third world?

A

Detente would provide a superficial blanket that allowed them to increase their involvement innthe third world

31
Q

What events throughout the USSR’S sphere of influence lead them to want to pursue a policy of detente so they could retake control?

A

1968 Czechoslovakian Uprising

1970’s Polish Protests

32
Q

What were four motives for the USA to begin rapprochement with the PRC?

A

1) Put pressure upon USSR
2) Use China as a middle man in negotiating an end to Vietnam
3) Prevent China being captured and becoming a powerful soviet satellite
4) Allow nuclear Arsenal to be concentrated upon USSR
5) Develop new alliances after France’s withdrawal from NATO and…

33
Q

What were three motives for China in reproaching USA?

A

1) Gain an allie after Sino soviet split
2) Fear of SU pre-emptive nuclear strike
3) Put pressure on USSR to give up land such as Mongolia