literary evidence for the Early Iron Ages
- Livy’s historical accounts in the Foundation of Rome
- Greek authors on Greek colonies in Graecia Magna and the Etruscans
Rex during the Roman Monarchy
- the term of rex was unlimited
- the rex was the military leader of Rome
- rex was now hereditary
where did the Greeks settle in the Early Iron Age?
Sicily and souther Italy
where did the Etruscans settle in the Early Iron Age
Etruria
where did the Samnites settle in the Early Iron Age?
central and eastern Italy
Aemelius
overthrew his brother and took over the kingship of Alba Longa
Mezentius
Etruscan king who helped Turnus fight against Aeneas
Romulus
killed his brother
Tarquin the Proud
last king of Rome
Greek City-states
- were politically independent
- individual city-sates had their own army and defense
- most had a fortification wall around their urban center
Tarquin the Proud
last king of Rome
Numa Pompilius
second king of Rome
Servius Tullius
sixth king of Rome
Reasons Livy wrote about the history of Rome
- recount the history of Rome from its earliest beginnings
- provide a more historical (as opposed to poetic) recount of history
- consider the means by which Rome’s power was acquired and expanded
Etruscans were well known for their elaborate ____ and intricate _____
cemeteries; metalwork
True or False: the Regia was located in the Roman Forum
true
True or False: according to Livy, Romulus established three tribes that contained all the citizens of Rome
true
provinces of Rome
spain, macedonia, sicily
plebians
- were typically without access to the aristocratic offices during the early Republic
- led a succession and established their own assembly
- published the twelve tables
Hannibal
2nd Punic War
King Philip V
Macedonian wars
Gauls/Celts
sack of Rome
important outcome of the fourth Macedonian War
Macedonia became a province of Rome
Cursus honoris (highest to lowest)
consul, praetor, aedile, quastor
Licinian-Sextian laws
- plebians were given access to public lands
- debt reform that minimized interest
- plebians were given access to religious offices
important outcome or result of the 1st Punic War
- Sicily became a province of Rome
- the birth of the Roman navy
- Corsica became a province of Rome
highest ranking social class in Roman society?
senatores
The appointment of dictator took place after the _____ passed a decree authorizing the ____ to nominate a dictator.
senate; consuls
municipia
- the Etruscan city-state of Veii
- the city-states of Magna Graecia on the Italian peninsula
True or false: As part of his religious reforms, Augustus assured that religious offices were open all Roman citizens.
False
Tiberius
redistribution of public land to landless peasants
Gaius
handing over the control of the extortion courts to the equites
Pompey
great general who fought under Sulla
Caesar
great orator and politician who quickly rose up from the curses honorum
Crassus
defeated the slave revolt of spartacus
Which of the following were precedents set by Sulla that are later repeated by other powerful Roman leaders?
- leading an army against Rome
- issuing a proscriptions list
- unlimited dictatorship
What is most likely being depicted in the following panel from the Ara Pacis Augustae?
Mother Earth or the goddess Italia
Who granted imperium to the members of the Second Triumvirate?
the plebeian assembly
Which of the following did Julius Caesar do after his triumphant return to Rome in 45/44 BCE?
- offered clementia to supporters of Pompey
- cancelled debts for those suffering in debt slavery
- distributed public lands to his veterans
- began a building program in the city of Rome
problems in Roman society and government that the Gracchi brothers were trying to fix?
- corruption in the distribution of land grants favored Roman elites
- the gap between the elites and common people was widening
- many plebians were suffering in poverty and landlessness
- the citizen militia had become very weak
- the office of the tribune of the plebs was working for the benefit of the senate
outcomes of the Social War?
- all of Italy was united into a single state
- the citizen population of Rome rose to over a million people
- Italians were granted citizenship titles given to Octavian?
titles given to Octavian?
- pontifex maximus
- princeps
- Augustus