Quiz #3 Flashcards Preview

EMT > Quiz #3 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Quiz #3 Deck (26)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Generic Vs. brand medications

A

Generic medications are the original chemical names of medications (in contrast with one of its proprietary or “trade” names); the name is not capitalized.

2
Q

Routes of administration:

A
Inhalation
Intramuscular (IM)
Intraosseuos (IO)
Intravenous (IV)
Per os (PO)
Per Rectum (PR)
Subcutaneous (SC)
Sublingual (SL)
Transcutaneous
Intranasal
3
Q

Forms of drugs:

A
Tablets and capsules
Solutions and suspensions
Metered-dose inhalers
Topical medications
Transcutaneous medications
Gels
Gases for inhalation
4
Q

A liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand.

A

Solution

5
Q

Miniature spray canister used to direct such substances through the mouth and into the lungs and is often used by a patient with respiratory illness such as asthma or emphysema.

A

Metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

6
Q

Applies to the surface of the skin and effect only that area. Lotions, creams, and ointments.

A

Topical Medications

7
Q

A state in which the blood glucose is above normal (greater than 120)

A

Hyperglycemia

8
Q

A state in which the blood glucose is above normal (greater than 120)

  • gradual onset (hours to days)
  • warm and dry skin
  • infection common
  • thirst intense
  • hunger present and increasing
  • vomiting and abdominal pain is common
  • with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) rapid, deep respirations (kussmaul)
  • sweet, fruity odor to breath
  • BP normal to low
  • pule rapid, weak, and thready
  • restless, abnormal speech, unsteady gait
  • gradual response 6-12 hours
A

Hyperglycemia

9
Q

A state in which the blood glucose level is below normal (less than 80)

  • rapid onset
  • pale, cool, moist skin
  • infection uncommon
  • breathing may become shallow if severe
  • BP normal to low
  • Pulse rapid and weak
  • Irritability, confusion, seizure, coma, unsteady gait
  • administration of glucose to treat
A

Hypoglycemia

10
Q

Condition in which the circulatory system fails to provide sufficient circulation, and therefore inadequate oxygen and nutrient delivery, to maintain normal cellular function. Also called hypoperfusion.

A

Shock (hypoperfusion)

11
Q

Type of shock caused by inadequate function of the heart, or pump failure.

A

Cardiogenic Shock

12
Q

Presence of abnormally large amounts of fluid between cells in body tissues, causing swelling of the affected area.

A

Edema

13
Q

Shock caused by a mechanical obstruction which prevents an adequate volume of blood to fill the heart chambers.

A

Obstructive Shock

14
Q

Shock that results when there is widespread dilation of the small arterioles, small venules, or both. As a result, the circulating blood volume pools in the expanded vascular beds and tissue perfusion decreases.

A

Distributive Shock

15
Q

Shock that occurs as a result of severe infections, usually bacterial, in which toxins are generated by the bacteria or by infected body tissues. In this condition, the toxins damage the vessel walls, causing increased cellular permeability.

A

Septic Shock

16
Q

Shock that is usually the result of high spinal cord injury. In this type of shock, the muscles in the walls of the blood vessels are cut off from the sympatheic nervous system and nerve impulses that cause them to contract. All vessels below the the level of the spinal injury dilate causing blood to pool.

A

Neurogenic Shock

17
Q

Occurs when a person reacts violently to a substance to which he or she has been sensitized.

A

Anaphylactic Shock (anaphylaxis)

18
Q

Type of shock that has a sudden reaction of the nervous system that produces a temporary, generalized vascular dilation, resulting in fainting, or syncope.

A

Psychogenic Shock

19
Q

Shock that is the result of inadequate amount of fluid or volume in the circulatory system.

A

Hypovolemic Shock

20
Q

Signs/symptoms of shock

A

decrease in BP
increase in HR
pale, moist skin

21
Q

When the heart fails to generate effective and detectable blood flow; pulses are not palpable even if muscular and electrical activity continues.

A

Cardiac arrest

22
Q

Abnormal heart beat: the rhythm may be irregular in its pacing or the heart rate may be low or high. Some are potentially life threatening.

A

Cardiac dysrhythmias

23
Q

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing

A

Dyspnea

24
Q

The active, muscular part of breathing that draws air into the airway and lungs; also a medication delivery route.

A

Inhalation

25
Q

The passive part of breathing in which the diaphragm and the intercostal muscles relax, forcing air out of the lungs.

A

Exhalation

26
Q

The patient can cough forcefully, although you may hear wheezing between coughs.

A

Adequate air exchange