Public Schools Flashcards Preview

Sports History > Public Schools > Flashcards

Flashcards in Public Schools Deck (18)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What are the nine characteristics of public schools?

A

Boarding, expanding, non local, spartan, controlled by trustees, endowed, fee paying, gentry, boys

2
Q

How did boarding affect public school?

A

There was time available which was increasingly spent playing games

3
Q

How was expanding a characteristic of a 19th century public school?

A

As numbers increased, houses were formed which became the hub of games

4
Q

Why were the games in public schools non local?

A

A great variety of regional games were adopted and adapted by individual schools

5
Q

Why was spartan a characteristic of public schools?

A

Harsh treatment and living conditions prepared boys for the rigours of competitive sport and adult life

6
Q

Why were the public schools controlled by trustees?

A

Trustees were influential people keen to promote the school, so keen to invest in sporting success

7
Q

Why were public schools endowed?

A

Well endowed school that received large gifts of money or property could build facilities and employ more assistant masters and coaching professionals

8
Q

Why were public schools fee paying?

A

Fees could develop facilities e.g. gymnasia, swimming baths. Fee payers were influential pupils and less restricted than scholars or choristers who often had assisted places

9
Q

Why were they gentry?

A

Influential families brought status and money and influenced the types of activities brought into the schools

10
Q

How did the boys influence games in public schools?

A

Great energy and enthusiasm to be channelled into games

11
Q

What is stage one called?

A

Boy culture, bullying and brutality

12
Q

What happened in stage one?

A

It was a time of public school expansion. School boys created the melting pot where they brought games from their own cultures. Therefore the sporting culture began and it caused the expansion of house systems. However rebellion and hooligan behaviour by the boys shaped the norm at this stage.

13
Q

What is stage two called?

A

Dr Thomas Arnold and social control

14
Q

What happened in stage two?

A

Arnold used games as a vehicle for establishing social control. He established a more trusting relationship with the sixth form students by giving them responsibility in return for acting as positive role models and being his ‘police force’. They became the link between the masters and the boys. His main aim was to produce Christian gentlemen, which is part of muscular Christianity. This is referred to as a combination of godliness and manliness

15
Q

What is stage three called?

A

The cult of athleticism

16
Q

What happened in stage three?

A

There was a craze for team games and comparative disinterest in academic work. Military drill also became part of public school life. Being the leader of a team game on a field, it was assumed that they could lead a regiment on a battlefield.

17
Q

What did ex public school boys become?

A

Teachers, industrialists, parents, community leaders/politicians, community members, army officers, vicars/priests

18
Q

Why was there a delay in athleticism for girls?

A

Regarded as a threat to the behavioural norms of society, anxiety over wearing revealing clothing, it was not considered necessary to give girls the same sporting opportunities as their brothers, it was thought to be unladylike to be competitive, medical concerns because some believed it could complicate or prevent child bearing, girls would not be able to cope with strenuous physical activity