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Buzzwords and Pneumonics > Psychiatry > Flashcards

Psychiatry Flashcards

1
Q

What condition causes third person auditory hallucinations?

A

Schizophrenia

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2
Q

What does mesocortical dopamine hypoactivity cause?

A

Negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia

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3
Q

What does subcortical dopamine hyperactivity cause?

A

Psychosis

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4
Q

What is the tuberoinfundibulnar dopamine pathway concerned with?

A

Prolactin release

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5
Q

What is the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway concerned with?

A

Extrapyramidal motor movements

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6
Q

What is another name for the subcortical and mesocortical dopamine pathways?

A

Mesolimbic system

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7
Q

What is the mesolimbic system concerned with?

A

Motivation and reward

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8
Q

Which of the dopamine pathways in the brain is dysregulated in schizophrenia?

A

Mesolimbic system

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9
Q

What does Da blockade in the mesolimbic system cause?

A

Depression

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10
Q

What does Da agonism in the mesolimbic system cause?

A

Pscyhosis

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11
Q

2 side effects of clozapine?

A

Agranulocytosis

Weight gain

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12
Q

Which atypical anti-depressant causes the most weight gain?

A

Olanzapine

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13
Q

Under what conditions can clozapine be prescribed?

A

By a consultant when the patient has tried 2 other anti-psychotics

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14
Q

Monitoring involved when a patient takes clozapine?

A

Once a week for the first 6/12
Once every 2 weeks for the next 6/12
Then every 4 weeks thereafter
One month after discontinuation

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15
Q

Limbic system functions?

A 
Motivation
Memory
Olfaction
Visceral afferents
Emotion
M2OVE
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16
Q

Brain changes in schizophrenia?

A

Reduced frontal lobe volume (and grey matter)
Enlarged lateral ventricles
Reduced grey matter in the temporal cortex

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17
Q

What is pressure of thought?

A

Varied ideas in abundance

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18
Q

What condition is pressure of thought characteristic of?

A

Mania (may also be seen in schizophrenia)

19
Q

What will the patient report if they have poverty of thought?

A

Lack/ absence of thoughts

20
Q

What is thought blocking?

A

Abrupt and complete interruption of stream (strongly associated with schizophrenia)

21
Q

What is flight of ideas?

A

Quickly moving from one topic to another but there is a link

22
Q

What is knight’s move?

A

Thinking where there does not appear to be a link between point A and point b

23
Q

What is flight of ideas and knight’s move commonly seen in?

A

Bipolar during a manic phase

24
Q

What drug can be used to treat extra-pyramidal side effects?

A

Procyclidine

25
Q

What is the amygdala involved in?

A

The normal response to threat

26
Q

What does the prefrontal cortex do in relation to the amygdala?

A

Dampens down the amygdala’s response to threat (if fewer connections, less effective)

27
Q

What is the main management of OCD?

A

Mainly an SSRI and if there is a partial response at any points, consider CBT as an adjunct

28
Q

IQ for borderline learning difficulty?

A

70-80ish

29
Q

IQ for a mild learning difficulty?

A

50-69

30
Q

IQ for a moderate learning difficulty?

A

35-49

31
Q

IQ for a severe learning difficulty?

A

20-34

32
Q

IQ for a profound learning difficulty?

A

<20

33
Q

Beck’s triad?

A

Negative feelings about:
Self
World
Future

34
Q

What type of symptoms can NMDA antagonists produce?

A

Psychotic symptoms

35
Q

What benzodiazepine is used to treat alcohol withdrawal?

A

Chlordiazepoxide

36
Q

When do alcohol withdrawal seizures occur?

A

Within 48 hours

37
Q

When does delirium tremens occur with alcohol withdrawal?

A

Between 48 and 72 hours

38
Q

What are lewy bodies?

A

Eosinophillic inclusions

39
Q

What 2 conditions may Lewy Bodies be seen in?

A

Lewy body dementia

Parkinsons disease

40
Q

Which psychiatry drug can cause a hypertensive crisis?

A

MAOIs

41
Q

How do you treat a hypertensive crisis caused by MAOIs?

A

Phentolamine infusion

42
Q

Name 5 things that can interact with MAOIs.

A 
Tyramine containing foods
Ephidrine
Nasal decongestants
TCAs
Pethidine
43
Q

What 2 types of patients should you avoid TCA’s in?

A

Those with cardiac problems or patients with suicidal intent

Buzzwords and Pneumonics (16 decks)

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