Prevention, control, and eradication of disease Flashcards Preview

RUSVM Epi Summer 2017 > Prevention, control, and eradication of disease > Flashcards

Flashcards in Prevention, control, and eradication of disease Deck (12)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

What is primary prevention?

A

it is aimed at maintaining a healthy population (preventing the occurrence of dz). Can occur by vaccination, border security, meat hygiene, inspection, HACCP programs, or removing specified risk material from food/feed.

2
Q

What is secondary prevention?

A

it attempts to minimize damage after disease has occurred. i.e. screening for breast/prostate cancer.

3
Q

What is tertiary prevention?

A

Consists of rehabilitation after primary and secondary prevention have failed. Applies mainly to the individual and is for the symptomatic, diseased patient or population.

4
Q

What is the goal of tertiary prevention?

A

to reduce complications, slow down the progression, and reduce the severity of the symptoms. Maintains best quality of life possible.

5
Q

What is control?

A

steps taken to reduce a disease problem to a tolerable level and maintain it at that level. Similar to secondary prevention.

6
Q

What is eradication?

A

the final step in disease control efforts; it consists of complete elimination of the disease-producing agent from a defined geographic region.

7
Q

What is total eradication?

A

disease agent has been completely removed from the area of concern.

8
Q

What is practical eradication?

A

elimination of organism from the reservoirs of importance to humans or their domestic animals, as opposed to total eradication e.g eradication of canine rabies in the USA.

9
Q

What are the 3 principles of dz control and eradication?

A

reservoir neutralization, reducing contact potential, and increasing host resistance.

10
Q

What are 3 ways to achieve reservoir neutralization

A

removing infected individuals (test and slaughter, mass therapy), rendering infected individuals non-shedders (vaccination), or manipulating the environment (parasite/mosquito control)

11
Q

What are 3 ways to reduce contact potential?

A

isolation or treatment of cases, quarantine of possible infected, and population control and reduction.

12
Q

How do you increase host resistance?

A

genetic selection, good welfare, chemoprophylaxis, and vaccination.