prenatal Flashcards

1
Q

• Concept of fundal height. What are the normal assessment levels?

A

Fundus of the uterus is at symphysis pubis at 10-12 weeks gestation. Fundus at umbilicus at 20-22 weeks.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How does fundal height correlate with gestational age?

A

1 cm per week after 20 weeks

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is the significance if the fundus is below expected level or higher than expected level?

A

Intrauterine growth restriction or macrosomia due to various conditions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Prior to measuring the fundal height what must the patient do?

A

void

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

• Supine hypotensive syndrome. What is it?

A

Baby presses on the vena cava causing a decreased blood return to the heart. This occurs when mom is lying on her back.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the signs and symptoms of Supine hypotensive syndrome

A

Decrease in blood pressure and mom becomes pale.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is the priority nursing intervention for Supine hypotensive syndrome

A

Have the woman lie on her left side or put a pillow under her right buttock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How is that intervention modify in case of surgery or a woman is unresponsive- Supine hypotensive syndrome

A

right buttock

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

How do you know your nursing intervention was effective-Supine hypotensive syndrome

A

Blood pressure will return to baseline and tissue perfusion returns to pink

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

• Skin changes associated with pregnancy-4

A
  1. Linea Nigra line from umbilicus to symphysis pubis. 2. Mask of pregnancy (chloasma or melisma gravidarum) dark skin over cheek, nose, and forehead.
  2. Striae or stretch marks may not disappear completely.
  3. Vascular spider nevi, chest, neck, face and arms
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is important to tell the mother regarding these skin changes

A

Usually disappear in 6 weeks except for striae (may just fade some)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

• Physiological anemia of pregnancy.

A

? RBC increases by 30% and plasma volume increases by 50 % which causes a decrease in the hematocrit
-iron supplements

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are the presumptive (subjective) signs-6

A

Amenorrhea, nausea and vomiting (morning sickness), fatigue, urinary frequency, changes in breast and quickening (18-20 weeks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the probable (objective) signs-9

A

Goodells, Chadwick’s sign, Hegar’s sign, McDonalds sign ,Braxton Hicks contractions after 28 weeks, uterine soufflé, pigment skin changes, fetal outline after 24 weeks, pregnancy tests.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Goodells

A

softening of the cervix

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Chadwick’s sign

A

bluish, purple or deep red cervix, vagina, mucous membranes

17
Q

Hegar’s sign

A

softening of the isthmus

18
Q

McDonalds sign

A

ease of flexing the cervix

19
Q

What are the positive signs-4

A

Diagnostic: fetal heartbeat Doppler 10-12 weeks, fetoscope 17-20 weeks, fetal movement at 20 weeks, visualization of the fetus at 8 weeks ultrasound

20
Q

• Psychological responses to pregnancy for mother?

A

1st trimester: Ambivalent seems unreal, 2nd trimester: feels best and may feel baby move, 3rd trimester: Discomfort, insomnia, concerned about Labor and has pride of pregnancy.

21
Q

Psychological responses to pregnancy for Father of the baby

A

1st trimester: Tends to feel left out. 2nd trimester: Fathering behaviors 3rd trimester: Involvement and attends childbirth classes

22
Q

GTPAL

A

G= gravida, T= term, P= preterm, A=abortion and L= living.

23
Q

Nagele’s rule

A

add 1 year, subtract three months and add 7 days

24
Q

timing of pregnancy appointments

A

once a month until 28 weeks, at which point she will be seen every two weeks until 36 weeks, then she will be seen every week until birth.

25
Q

• Discomforts of pregnancy 1st T-4

A

urinary frequency, nausea/vomiting, breast tenderness, vaginal discharge
-accupressure wristbands, ginger, pyridoxine (B6)

26
Q

Discomforts of pregnancy 2nd T-4

A

heartburn, varicose veins hemorrhoids, backache

-low-sodium antacid (*avoid Na bicarb and alkaseltzer), avoid bending at waist

27
Q

Discomforts of pregnancy 3rd T-2

A

hemorrhoids, backache

28
Q

• Weight gain in pregnancy

A

1T- 3.5 – 5 lbs
2T- 12-15
3T- 12-15

29
Q

weight gain based on gestation

A

4.4 1T then 1 lb per week after

30
Q

calorie intake in 2T and 3T

A

extra 300