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Flashcards in Pregnancy Care Fundamentals Deck (28)
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1
Q

Presumptive Signs of Pregnancy

A

Changes experience by woman

  • amenorrhea
  • fatigue
  • breast changes
  • nausea and vomiting
2
Q

Probably Signs of Pregnancy

A

Changes observed by examiner

  • Goodell’s sign (softening of cervix due to increased vascularity)
    • beta hCG
  • Braxton-Hicks contraction
3
Q

Positive Signs of Pregnancy

A

Signs related to fetal presence

  • fetal heart tones
  • visualization of fetus
  • palpation of fetal movement
4
Q

Nagele’s rule

A

First day of LMP
- 3 months
+ 7 days
+ 1 year

5
Q

Alternative way to calculate EDB

A

First day of LMP
+ 7 days
+ 9 months

6
Q

How can EDB be confirmed?

A

T1 ultrasound at 8-10 weeks gestation

within 3-5 days of accuracy

7
Q

Why is EDB significant?

A

All decisions in care are based on the EDB and gestational age of baby

8
Q

What nursing interventions are suitable for pregnancy care?

A

a. assess coping and adaptations
b. informational support
c. active listening, validation, reassurance
d. data collection
e. resource referrals
f. anticipatory guidance
g. interprofessional collaboration
h. documentation

9
Q

What are typical interventions that take place during 1st Trimester (1-12 weeks)?

A
  • Resource referrals
  • Informational support
  • Blood draw
  • Antenatal care
10
Q

What are interventions that take place during 2nd Trimester (13 to 26 weeks)?

A
  • Teaching around discomforts
  • Discuss concerning signs
  • Coaching around work requirement
  • Familiarizing with prenatal classes
11
Q

What interventions take place during 3rd Trimester (27 to end of pregnancy)?

A
  • Dealing with discomforts
  • Normal vs Abnormal
  • Preparation for baby
  • Prenatal classes
12
Q

Rubella Immunity

A

Non-immune mothers need rubella vaccine post delivery

- rubella vaccine is LIVE and cannot be given during pregnancy

13
Q

Rh Incompatibility

A

Rh - mother and Rh + baby

Rh antigens enter mother’s body and trigger production of Rh antibodies. Mother’s blood could possibly reject a second Rh + baby

14
Q

What is the protocol for Rh Incompatibility?

A

Rhogam (blood product) given to mother, IM at 26-28 weeks

  • prevents antibody formation
  • given again within 72 hours postpartum if fetus is Rh +
15
Q

What are some normal symptoms associated with pregnancy?

A
  • Constipation (no laxatives, could cause contractions)

- Bleeding gums when brushing (due to vascular congestion)

16
Q

ABO Incompatibility

A

Mother is O but baby is A, B or AB

  • can cause hyperbilirubinemia
  • hemolytic disease of the newborn
  • early detection
17
Q

Parental Developmental Tasks

A
  • accepting the pregnancy
  • identifying with role of parent
  • re-ordering personal relationships
  • establishing a relationship with the fetus
  • preparing for childbirth
18
Q

What are some healthy behaviours of client adjusting to pregnancy?

A
  • asking appropriate questions
  • wanting to know the due date
  • taking an interest in pregnancy-related activities
19
Q

Prenatal Care Goals

A
  • Promote client, fetal, family health and well being
  • Monitor client-fetal health status
  • Identify and minimize risk factors
  • Provide appropriate and holistic education and support
20
Q

Key Components of Pre-conception & Prenatal education

A

a. Healthy diet and hydration (folic acid 0.4 to 1 mg taken one month prior to conception, PNVs)
b. Exercise and rest
c. Optimum weight
d. Supporting relationships
e. Reduce risk (flu shot, medications, smoking, alcohol, workplace hazards)

21
Q

Prenatal Visit Schedule

A

T1: initial visit, monthly
T2: monthly
T3: q2weeks until 36 weeks
q1week until birth

22
Q

What takes place at a prenatal visit?

A

a. medical & ob/gyn history
b. social and family history
c. physical assessment
d. fetal assessment
e. diagnostic (initial screening, biophysical and biochemical testing)
f. health education, illness prevention
g. do’s, don’ts and red flags

23
Q

Focused assessments at prenatal visit

A
  • subjective (interview/history)
  • weight
  • vitals (bp especially)
  • urinanalysis
  • fundal height
  • fetal movement
  • FHR auscultation
24
Q

Fundal Height Measurement

A

Corresponds to gestational age, estimates duration of pregnancy
i.e. 28 weeks gestation - 26-30cm

25
Q

RED FLAGS

A
  • severe vomiting
  • signs of infection
  • vaginal bleeding
  • signs of pre-eclampsia (headache, visual disturbances, epigastric pain)
  • decreased fetal movement
  • accidents/falls/injuries
  • SOB, chest pains
26
Q

The DON’Ts of pregnancy

A
  • Raw food
  • Smoking, alcohol
  • Substance abuse
  • Hot Sauna
  • Avoid risky actibities
  • Avoid cat litter
  • Certain medications
27
Q

Examples of Prenatal Community Resources

A
  • Toronto Public Health
  • Health Babies Healthy Children
  • Homeless At Risk Prenatal program (HARP)
  • Canada Prenatal Nutrition Program
  • Community Health Centres
  • Prenatal classes
28
Q

Weight Gain

A

Underweight: 28-40lbs
Average weight: 25-35lbs
Overweight: 15-25lbs