Prac 39 Flashcards Preview

Chinese > Prac 39 > Flashcards

Flashcards in Prac 39 Deck (36)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

夸奖

A

夸奖〔誇獎〕
kuā·jiǎng
praise; commend

老师夸奖他进步快。
Lǎoshī kuājiǎng tā jìnbù kuài.
The teacher praised him for his rapid progress.

2
Q

A

夸〔誇〕
kuā
1 exaggerate; overstate; boast

她把一点小事夸得比天还大。
Tā bǎ yīdiǎn xiǎoshì kuā de bǐ tiān hái dà.
She’s made a mountain out of a molehill.
2 praise

人人都夸她机灵。
Rénrén dōu kuā tā jīling.
Everyone praised her for her cleverness.

成绩不夸跑不了, 缺点不找不得了。
Chéngjì bù kuā pǎobùliǎo, quēdiǎn bù zhǎo bùdéliǎo.
Merits uncited will not vanish; shortcomings undiscovered may prove disastrous.

3
Q

A

奖〔獎〕
jiǎng
1 encourage; praise; reward

有功者奖。
Yǒugōng zhě jiǎng.
Those who have gained merit will be rewarded.

奖勤罚懒, 奖优罚劣
jiǎngqínfálǎn, jiǎngyōufáliè
reward the diligent and good and punish the lazy and bad
2 award; prize; reward

得奖
déjiǎng
win a prize

一等奖
yīděng jiǎng
first prize

4
Q

A

满〔滿〕
mǎn
1 full; filled; packed

满满一卡车煤
mǎnmǎn yī kǎchē méi
a full truckload of coal

这两个抽屉都满了。
Zhè liǎng ge chōuti dōu mǎn le.
Both drawers are full.

屋里坐满了人。
Wū lǐ zuò mǎn le rén.
The room was packed with people.

果树满山坡。
Guǒshù mǎn shānpō.
The slope was covered with fruit trees.

欢声笑语满山村。
Huānshēngxiàoyǔ mǎn shāncūn.
The mountain village rang with cheers and laughter.

话不能说得太满、太绝。
Huà bù néng shuō de tài mǎn, tài jué.
One shouldn’t speak in absolute terms, leaving no room for compromise.

满头大汗
mǎntóudàhàn
one’s face streaming with sweat

满脑子封建思想
mǎn nǎozi fēngjiàn sīxiǎng
be steeped in feudal ideology
2 fill

再给你满上一杯。
Zài gěi nǐ mǎn shàng yī bēi.
Let me fill your glass once more.
3 expire; reach the limit

年满十八的公民
Nián mǎn shíbā de gōngmín
citizens who have reached the age of 18

他的服役期还没满。
Tā de fúyì qī hái méi mǎn.
His term of military service hasn’t expired yet.

她学徒还不满一年。
Tā xuétú hái bù mǎn yī nián.
It isn’t a year yet since she became an apprentice.

假期已满。
Jiàqī yǐ mǎn.
The holidays are over.
4 
ADVERBcompletely; entirely; perfectly

满有信心
Mǎn yǒu xìnxīn
be fully confident

满不是那么回事。
Mǎn bù shì nàme huí shì.
That wasn’t the way it was at all.

我满以为他会同意的。
Wǒ mǎn yǐwéi tā huì tóngyì de.
I had counted on him to agree with me.
5 
ADVERBquite; very

这首歌满好听。
Zhè shǒu gē mǎn hǎotīng.
This song is quite pleasant.

您说的满对。
Nín shuō de mǎn duì.
What you’ve said is quite right.

节目倒也满不错。
Jiémù dào yě mǎn bùcuò.
The performances were pretty good.
6 satisfied ▶ 不满 bùmǎn
7 complacent; conceited ▶ 自满 zìmǎn
8 (Mǎn) the Man nationality
See also 满族 Mǎnzú
9 (Mǎn) a surname
5
Q

A

碗/盌/椀
wǎn
1 bowl

摆碗筷
bǎi wǎn-kuài
put out bowls and chopsticks for a meal; set (or lay) the table
2 bowl-like thing

6
Q

分工

A

分工
fēngōng
division of labour

分工负责
fēngōngfùzé
division of labour with individual responsibility

咱们怎么分工?
Zánmen zěnme fēngōng?
How shall we divide up the work?

社会分工
shèhuì fēngōng
social division of labour

7
Q

合作

A

合作
hézuò
cooperate; collaborate; work together

互相合作
hùxiāng hézuò
cooperate with each other

这幅画是他们合作的。
Zhè fú huà shì tāmen hézuò de.
This painting is their joint work.

南南合作
Nán-Nán hézuò
South-South cooperation

8
Q

华人

A

华人〔華-〕
huárén
Chinese

美籍华人
Měijí Huárén
an American Chinese

9
Q

必须

A

必须〔-須〕
bìxū
ADVERBmust; have to

必须指出
Bìxū zhǐchū
it must be pointed out that

共产党员必须勇于批评和自我批评。
Gòngchǎndǎngyuán bìxū yǒngyú pīpíng hé zìwǒ pīpíng.
A Communist must be bold in criticism and self-criticism.

必须厉行节约。
Bìxū lìxíngjiéyuē.
It is imperative to practise economy.

学习必须刻苦。
Xuéxí bìxū kèkǔ.
Study demands diligence.

10
Q

毕业

A

毕业〔畢業〕
bìyè
graduate; finish school

还有一年, 他就大学毕业了。
Háiyǒu yī nián, tā jiù dàxué bìyè le.
He’ll graduate from college next year.

他中学还没毕业就参了军。
Tā zhōngxué hái méi bìyè jiù cēn le jūn.
He enlisted before he had finished middle school.

11
Q

别扭

A

别扭〔別-〕
bièniu
1 awkward; difficult; uncomfortable

这两天我心里很别扭。
Zhè liǎng tiān wǒ xīnli hěn bièniu.
I’ve been feeling depressed the past few days.

这个人真别扭。
Zhège rén zhēn bièniu.
That chap is really difficult to deal with (or is really contrary).

她刚来牧区的时候, 生活上感到有点别扭。
Tā gāng lái mùqū de shíhou, shēnghuó shàng gǎndào yǒu diǎn bièniu.
When she first came to this pastoral area, she found life here a bit difficult to get used to.

事情老是这样别扭。
Shìqing lǎo shì zhèyàng bièniu.
Things never seem to go smoothly.

这个天气真别扭, 一会儿冷, 一会儿热。
Zhège tiānqì zhēn bièniu, yīhuìr lěng, yīhuìr rè.
The weather is unpredictable-now cold, now hot.
2 not see eye to eye; disagree

两个人素来有些别别扭扭的。
Liǎng ge rén sùlái yǒuxiē bié bièniu niǔ de.
The two of them often have difficulty with each other.
3 (of speech or writing) unnatural; awkward

这句话听起来有点别扭。
Zhè jù huà tīng qǐlai yǒu diǎn bièniu.
This sentence sounds a bit awkward.
See also 闹别扭 nào bièniu

12
Q

A


gǎi
1 change; transform

几年没来, 这儿完全改样了。
Jǐ nián méi lái, zhèr wánquán gǎi yàng le.
I’ve been away for only a few years, but the place has completely changed.

改洼地为稻田
Gǎi wādì wèi dàotián
transform lowlands into paddy fields
2 alter; revise

改灶节煤
gǎi zào jié méi
make alterations in an oven so that it will burn less coal

请把这条裤子改短一些。
Qǐng bǎ zhè tiáo kùzi gǎi duǎn yīxiē.
Please have this pair of trousers shortened.

这个戏已经改了好多次了。
Zhège xì yǐjing gǎi le hǎoduō cì le.
The play has been revised many times.

他写完这篇文章以后, 又改了改。
Tā xiě wán zhè piān wénzhāng yǐhòu, yòu gǎi le gǎi.
After he finished writing the essay he made a few more changes in it.
3 correct; rectify; put right

改作业
gǎi zuòyè
correct students’ homework or papers

有错误一定要改。
Yǒu cuòwù yīdìng yào gǎi.
Any mistakes you’ve made must be corrected.
4 (followed by a verb) switch over to (doing sth. else)

改种水稻
Gǎi zhòng shuǐdào
switch over to growing rice

改乘五路公共汽车
gǎi chéng wǔ lù gōnggòng qìchē
change to a No. 5 bus

改用良种
gǎiyòng liángzhǒng
begin to use improved varieties

他现在改踢左后卫。
Tā xiànzài gǎi tī zuǒ hòuwèi.
He’s playing left-back now.

13
Q

究竟

A

究竟
jiūjìng
1 outcome; what actually happened

大家都想知道个究竟。
Dàjiā dōu xiǎng zhīdao ge jiūjìng.
Everybody wants to know what actually happened.

不管什么事, 他总爱问个究竟。
Bùguǎn shénme shì, tā zǒng ài wèn ge jiūjìng.
He always likes to get to the heart of a matter, whatever it may be.
2
ADVERB(used in questions to press for an exact answer) actually; exactly

明天的会究竟谁去参加?
Míngtiān de huì jiūjìng shuí qù cānjiā?
Who is actually going to the meeting tomorrow?

你们究竟要什么?
Nǐmen jiūjìng yào shénme?
What exactly do you want?

这究竟是什么意思?
Zhè jiūjìng shì shénme yìsi?
Whatever does this mean?

他究竟上哪儿去了?
Tā jiūjìng shàng nǎr qù le?
Where on earth is he?
3 
ADVERBafter all; anyway; finally

他究竟经验丰富, 让他负责这项工作最合适。
Tā jiūjìng jīngyàn fēngfù, ràng tā fùzé zhè xiàng gōngzuò zuì héshì.
After all, he is very experienced, so it is only suitable to put him in charge of the job.

他究竟是你弟弟。
Tā jiūjìng shì nǐ dìdi.
Anyway he is your younger brother.

14
Q

初中

A

初中
chūzhōng
short for 初级中学 chūjí zhōngxué

15
Q

A


chū
1 the beginning of; the early part of

八月初
Bāyuè chū
early in August; in early August

本世纪初
běn shìjì chū
the beginning of this century
2 first (in order)

初雪
chūxuě
first snow

初战
chūzhàn
first battle

初一(五、十)
chūyī(wǔ, shí)
the first (fifth, tenth) day of the lunar month
3 for the first time; just beginning

感冒初起
gǎnmào chū qǐ
with the first symptoms of a cold

初具规模
chūjùguīmó
be just beginning to take shape

初上阵的战士
chū shàngzhèn de zhànshì
soldiers going into action for the first time
4 elementary; rudimentary ▶ 初级 chūjí, 初等 chūděng
5 original

和好如初
héhǎorúchū
become good friends again; become reconciled
6 (Chū) a surname

16
Q

高中

A

高中
gāozhōng
short for 高级中学 gāojí zhōngxué

17
Q

A


gǎn

1 bold; courageous; daring ▶ 勇敢 yǒnggǎn
2 be brave enough; dare

敢想、敢说、敢干
Gǎn xiǎng, gǎn shuō, gǎn gàn
dare to think, dare to speak and dare to act

过去连想都不敢想的事, 现在变成了现实。
Guòqu lián xiǎng dōu bù gǎn xiǎng de shì, xiànzài biànchéng le xiànshí.
What one couldn’t even imagine in the past has now become reality.
3 have the confidence to; be certain; be sure

我敢说他一定乐于接受这个任务。
Wǒ gǎn shuō tā yīdìng lèyú jiēshòu zhège rènwu.
I’m confident he will be willing to undertake the task.

我不敢说他究竟哪一天来。
Wǒ bù gǎn shuō tā jiūjìng nǎ yī tiān lái.
I'm not sure just what day he will come.
4 
FORMAL POLITEmake bold; venture

敢问
Gǎnwèn
I venture to ask; may I ask

DIALECTperhaps; I’m afraid

18
Q

打听

A

打听〔-聽〕
dǎting
ask about; inquire about

跟您打听一件事。
Gēn nín dǎting yī jiàn shì.
I’d like to ask you about something.

打听战友的消息
Dǎting zhànyǒu de xiāoxi
inquire about one’s comrades-in-arms

19
Q

A


shòu
1 thin; emaciated

他长得很瘦。
Tā zhǎng de hěn shòu.
He is very thin.

脸瘦
Liǎn shòu
be thin in the face
2 lean

瘦肉
shòuròu
lean meat
3 tight

这件上衣腰身瘦了点。
Zhè jiàn shàngyī yāoshēn shòu le diǎn.
The coat is a bit tight at the waist.
4 not fertile; poor

瘦土薄田
Shòu tǔ báo tián
poor soil and barren land

20
Q

A

谈〔談〕
tán
1 talk; chat; discuss

他谈了自己的看法。
Tā tán le zìjǐ de kànfǎ.
He offered his personal views.

第一次见面他们就谈得很投机。
Dì-yī cì jiànmiàn tāmen jiù tán de hěn tóujī.
They had a most agreeable chat when they first met.

他谈到我国工业发展的前景。
Tā tán dào wǒguó gōngyè fāzhǎn de qiánjǐng.
He talked about the prospects for industrial development in our country.

我们好好谈谈。
Wǒmen hǎohāo tán tán.
Let’s have a good chat.

我想同你们谈一谈文学创作问题。
Wǒ xiǎng tóng nǐ men tán yī tán wénxué chuàngzuò wèntí.
I would like to discuss with you the question of creative writing.
2 what is said or talked about ▶ 奇谈 qítán
3 (Tán) a surname

21
Q

理想

A

理想
lǐxiǎng
1 an ideal

他的理想很高。
Tā de lǐxiǎng hěn gāo.
He has high ideals.

你理想中的丈夫是个什么样的人?
Nǐ lǐxiǎng zhōng de zhàngfu shì ge shénmeyàng de rén?
What’s your ideal of what a husband should be?

在现实面前, 他的理想都破灭了。
Zài xiànshí miànqián, tā de lǐxiǎng dōu pòmiè le.
All his ideals were destroyed by actualities.
2 be ideal

天气很理想。
Tiānqì hěn lǐxiǎng.
The weather is ideal.

他找到了一个理想的伴侣。
Tā zhǎodào le yī ge lǐxiǎng de bànlǚ.
He found an ideal companion.

他考得不够理想。
Tā kǎo dé bùgòu lǐxiǎng.
He didn’t do too well in the exam.

22
Q

平常

A

平常
píngcháng
1 ordinary; common

这种现象很平常。
Zhèzhǒng xiànxiàng hěn píngcháng.
This sort of thing is quite a common occurrence.
2 generally; usually; ordinarily; as a rule

平常我很少进城。
Píngcháng wǒ hěn shǎo jìnchéng.
I don’t go to town much as a rule.

这个词儿平常很少用。
Zhège cír píngcháng hěn shǎo yòng.
This word is seldom used on ordinary occasions.

23
Q

研究生

A

研究生
yánjiūshēng
postgraduate (student); graduate student

24
Q

握手

A

握手
wòshǒu
shake hands; clasp hands

25
Q

A



hold; grasp

握笔
Wòbǐ
hold a writing brush or pen

26
Q

A


take leave ▶ 告辞 gàocí
2 decline; resign

他辞了科长的职务。
Tā cí le kēzhǎng de zhíwù.
He resigned his post of section chief.

固辞
gùcí
firmly decline
3 dismiss; discharge

老板把他给辞了。
Lǎobǎn bǎ tā gěi cí le.
His boss dismissed him.

27
Q

宁静

A

宁静〔寧靜〕
níngjìng
peaceful; tranquil; quiet; calm

宁静的夜晚
níngjìng de yèwǎn
a tranquil night

心里渐渐宁静下来
xīnli jiànjiàn níngjìng xiàlai
calm down gradually

28
Q

风衣

A

风衣〔風-〕
fēngyī
windcheater; windbreaker; wind-jacket

29
Q

引起

A

引起
yǐnqǐ
give rise to; lead to; set off; touch off; cause; arouse

引起严重后果
yǐnqǐ yánzhòng hòuguǒ
lead to grave consequences

引起连锁反应
yǐnqǐ liánsuǒ fǎnyìng
set off a chain reaction

引起公愤
yǐnqǐ gōngfèn
arouse (or touch off) public indignation

引起强烈的反响
yǐnqǐ qiángliè de fǎnxiǎng
cause strong repercussions

引起怀疑
yǐnqǐ huáiyí
arouse suspicion

引起注意
yǐnqǐ zhùyì
bring to sb.’s attention

引起一场热烈的讨论
yǐnqǐ yī cháng rèliè de tǎolùn
evoke a heated discussion

由此而引起的一切后果
yóucǐ ér yǐnqǐ de yīqiè hòuguǒ
all consequences arising therefrom

事故是由于粗心大意而引起的。
Shìgù shì yóuyú cūxīndàyì ér yǐnqǐ de.
The accident was caused by carelessness.

30
Q

沉思

A

沉思
chénsī
ponder; meditate; be lost in thought

他为这个问题沉思了好久。
Tā wèi zhège wèntí chénsī le hǎojiǔ.
He pondered over this problem for a long time.

陷入沉思之中
Xiànrù chénsī zhīzhōng
be lost in thought; be deep in meditation

31
Q

允许

A

允许〔-許〕
yǔnxǔ
permit; allow

不允许任何破坏纪律的现象存在
bù yǔnxǔ rènhé pòhuài jìlǜ de xiànxiàng cúnzài
permit no breach of discipline

这是我国内政, 不允许任何外来干涉。
Zhè shì wǒguó nèizhèng, bù yǔnxǔ rènhé wàilái gānshè.
This is our internal affair which brooks no outside interference.

请允许我代表全厂职工向你们致谢。
Qǐng yǔnxǔ wǒ dàibiǎo quán chǎng zhígōng xiàng nǐmen zhìxiè.
Allow me to thank you on behalf of our factory.

32
Q

痛苦

A

痛苦
tòngkǔ
pain; suffering; agony

我得离开老家, 感到很痛苦。
Wǒ děi líkāi lǎojiā, gǎndào hěn tòngkǔ.
It pains me to have to leave my old home.

关心病人的痛苦
Guānxīn bìngrén de tòngkǔ
be concerned about the sufferings of the patient

精神上的痛苦
jīngshén shàng de tòngkǔ
mental agony

33
Q

A


zhǔ
boil; cook

煮鸡蛋
zhǔjīdàn
boil eggs or boiled eggs

煮饭
zhǔfàn
cook rice

34
Q

菜谱

A

菜谱〔-譜〕
càipǔ
1 menu; bill of fare
2 cookery book

35
Q

啰嗦

A

啰嗦
luōsuo
1 talkative; long-winded; wordy

他说话太啰嗦。
Tā shuō huà tài luō suo.
He’s far too long-winded.

他啰啰嗦嗦地说了半天, 还是没把问题说清楚。
Tā luō luō suō suō de shuō le bàntiān, háishi méi bǎ wèntí shuō qīngchu.
He talked on and on but didn’t make himself clear.

我再啰嗦几句。
Wǒ zài luō suo jǐ jù.
Let me say just another word or two. or Bear with me a little longer.

我告诉过你不能去, 你怎么还跟我啰嗦?
Wǒ gàosu guò nǐ bù néng qù, nǐ zěnme hái gēn wǒ luō suo?
I told you you’re not going, why do you have to ask over and over again?
2 fussy
3 overelaborate; troublesome

这些手续真啰嗦。
Zhèxiē shǒuxù zhēn luō suo.
All these formalities are overelaborate.

这真是件啰嗦事儿!
Zhè zhēn shì jiàn luō suo shìr!
This is really a troublesome matter!

VARIANTS
啰唆 luōsuo

36
Q

终于

A

终于〔終於〕
zhōngyú
ADVERBat (long) last; in the end; finally

她终于到了, 晚了将近半小时。
Tā zhōngyú dào le, wǎn le jiāngjìn bàn xiǎoshí.
At long last she arrived, about half an hour late.

中国登山队终于胜利地登上了珠峰。
Zhōngguó dēngshānduì zhōngyú shènglì de dēng shàng le Zhūfēng.
The Chinese mountaineering expedition finally succeeded in scaling Mount Qomolangma.

尽管多方医治, 终于还是把他受伤的腿锯了。
Jǐnguǎn duōfāng yīzhì, zhōngyú háishi bǎ tā shòushāng de tuǐ jù le.
All the treatments were to no avail and in the end they had to amputate his wounded leg.