PMBOK Chapter 2 - Organizational Influence and Project Life Cycle Flashcards Preview

PMP Exam > PMBOK Chapter 2 - Organizational Influence and Project Life Cycle > Flashcards

Flashcards in PMBOK Chapter 2 - Organizational Influence and Project Life Cycle Deck (22)
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1
Q

What are organizations?

A

systematic arrangements of entities (persons and/or departments) aimed at accomplishing a purpose, which may involve undertaking projects

2
Q

What is the organization’s culture an example of?

A

an enterprise environmental factor

3
Q

What is organizational structure?

A

an enterprise environmental factor, which can affect the availability of resources and influence how projects are conducted

4
Q

What is the classic functional organization?

A

a hierarchy where each employee has one clear superior

5
Q

What are matrix organizations?

A

reflect a blend of functional and projectized characteristics. can be classified as weak, balanced or strong depending on the relative level of power and influence between functional and project managers

6
Q

What are weak organizations?

A

maintain many of the characteristics of a functional organization, and the role of the project manager is more of a coordinator or expediter

7
Q

What are strong organizations?

A

have many of the characteristics of the projectized organization, and have full-time project managers with considerable authority and full-time project administrative staff

8
Q

What are balanced matrix organizations?

A

recognize the need for a project manager, they do not provide the project manager with the full authority over the project and project funding

9
Q

What is a projectized organization?

A

team members are often collocated; most of the organization’s resources are involved in project work and project managers have a great deal of independence and authority

10
Q

What are organizational process assets?

A

the plans, processes, policies, procedures and knowledge bases specific to and used by the performing organization.

11
Q

What are the five process groups?

A

Initiating, Planning, Executing, Monitoring and Controlling, Closing

12
Q

What are enterprise environmental factors?

A

refer to conditions, not under the control of the project team, that influence, constrain or direct the project

13
Q

What is a stakeholder?

A

an individual, group or organization who may affect, by affected by or perceive itself to be affected by a decision, activity or outcome of a project

14
Q

What is project governance?

A

the alignment of the project with stakeholders’ needs or objectives - is critical to the successful management of stakeholder engagement and the achievement of organizational objectives

15
Q

Examples of project stakeholders:

A

Sponsors / Customers and users / Sellers / Business partners / Organizational groups / Functional managers

16
Q

What are the two basic project team compositions:

A

1) Dedicated – all or a majority of the project team members are assigned to work full-time on the project
2) Part-time – the project managers and team members work on the project while remaining in their existing organizations and continuing to carry out their normal functions

17
Q

What is a project life cycle?

A

the series of phases that a project passes through from its initiation to its closure

18
Q

What is a predictive life cycle?

A

the product and deliverables are defined at the beginning of the project and any changes to scope are carefully managed

19
Q

What is an adaptive life cycle?

A

the product is developed over multiple iterations and detailed scope is defined for each iteration only as the iteration begins

20
Q

What is a project phase?

A

a collection of logically related project activities that culminates in the completion of one or more deliverables

21
Q

Two basic types of phase-to-phase relationships:

A

1) Sequential relationship – a phase starts only when the previous phase is complete
2) Overlapping relationship – a phase starts prior to completion of the previous one

22
Q

What are iterations?

A

they develop the product through a series of repeated cycles, while increments successively add to the functionality of the product