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Flashcards in platyhelminthys Deck (39)
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1
Q

describe the body plan of a flatworm

A

bilaterian
tripoblastic
acoelomate

2
Q

what is the excretory system made up of?

A

ectodermal tubes

3
Q

how do flatworms reproduce?

A

hermaphorditic

4
Q

what is the protonephridia?

A
  • first kidney

- flame cell

5
Q

what type of brain? what does it include?

A

rudimentary

  • ocellus
  • light receptor
6
Q

how are flatworms mobile?

A
  • cilia
  • contraction waves of mussels
  • work against fluid pressure of body
7
Q

name four big things that flathead are missing?

can be distinguished from other phylums this way

A
  • respiratory system
  • blood system
  • appendages
  • hard skeleton
8
Q

are flatworms carnivores, herbivores, omnivores?

A

carnivores

9
Q

for reproduction, what is specialized about modern platyhelminthes?

A

elaborate reproduction
muscular glandular organs
complicated hermaphrodites

10
Q

what are the four classes of platyhemintheys?

Name which are free living and which are parasitic.

A

Turbellaria : free living
Monogenea: Parasitic
Trematoda: Parasitic
Cestoda: parasitic

11
Q

Turbellaria:

-environment

A

chiefly aquatic;

-marine

12
Q

turbellaria:

movement

A
musculature:
-outer circular and inner longitudinal fibres.  diagonal mussels crisscross
-muscular creeping and swimming
-pedal waves
-looping
cilia:
-more ventral than dorsal
-multi-cilliated
-mucous glands
13
Q

rhabdites

A

rod-like structures in the cells or mucus of turbellarians. defensive mechanism

14
Q

name three methods of reproduction for turbellaria

A

-regeneration
-clonal reproduction
-sexual reproduction
>hermaphrodites
>hypodermic impregnation

15
Q

describe the unique feature of flatworms that allow them to hunt

A

spearing by means of an eversible, protrusible pharynx.

16
Q

name the two lifestyle choices for feeding

A

predators/carnivores

symbionts

17
Q

protonephridia

A

rapidly beating cilia that propel waste in flatworms, rotifers

18
Q

monogenea are exo or endoparasites? one host or many?

A

exoparasites, one host

19
Q

what is the posterior attachment organ called for monogenea?

A

haptors. they include a sucker

20
Q

monogenea have how many bands of cilia? eyes?

A

3 bands of cilia

1 or 2 pairs of eyes

21
Q

tegument; monogenea

A

outer body covering of helminthes. unciliated, syncytial.

22
Q

describe a direct life cycle of a helminth

A
  • reproduce within the definitive host
  • get fertilized eggs out of host
  • contact and recognise a new host
  • obtain entrance into new host
  • locate appropriate environment within host
  • maintain position within host
  • withstand anaerobic environments
  • avoid digestion or attack
  • avoid killing host
23
Q

Cestoda: what are these commonly known as?

A

tapeworms

24
Q

cestoda:

  • exo or endo parasitic?
  • what is their attachement organ called?
A
  • endoparasitic

- scolex

25
Q

what are the segments of cestoda called?

A

proglottids

26
Q

how many ppl worldwide are infected by cestoda?

A

135 million

27
Q

how many eggs per proglottid for cestoda?

A

50,000

28
Q

are cestoda male or female?

A

simultaneous hermaphrodites

29
Q

what body system is absent in cestoda?

A

digestive tract

30
Q

trematoda tegument

A

unciliated syncytial

31
Q

what type of life cycle for trematodes?

A

complex, parasitiszing

32
Q

trematoes endo or exo?

A

endoparasites

33
Q

are trematodes segmented?

A

never

34
Q

what two type of flukes (trematodes) cause schistosomiasis?

A

liverflukes, bloodflukes

35
Q

what is 2nd to malaria for parasite-causing disease?

A

schistosomiasis

36
Q

how many ppl does schistosomiasis kill per year?

A

800,000.

2200/day.

37
Q

name the 7 stupid stages of the life cycle of stupid trematodes.

A
  • egg
  • miracidium
  • sporocyst
  • redia
  • cercaria
  • metacircaria
  • adult
38
Q

what stage of a trematodes’s life cycle is eaten by or locates and bores into an intermediate host?

A

free living ciliated miracidium

39
Q

Clonorchis sinensis

A

chinese liver fluke