Physics Ch 4 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Physics Ch 4 Deck (25)
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0
Q

Force

A

a push or a pull; a vector quantity (magnitude & direction)

1
Q

Dynamics

A

Considers the forces that affect the motion of moving objects & systems

2
Q

Free Body Diagram

A

technique used to illustrate all the external forces acting on a body

3
Q

Restoring force

A

force an object uses to pull itself back to its relaxed shape

4
Q

Newton’s 1st Law of Motion

A

a body at rest remains at rest, or if in motion, remains in motion at a constant velocity unless acted on by a net external force

5
Q

Inertia

A

the property of a body to remain at rest or to remain in motion with constant velocity

6
Q

Law of Inertia

A

Newton’s 1st law often called this

7
Q

Mass

A

inertia of an object measured by this

8
Q

Newton’s 2nd Law of Motion

A

mathematically states the cause and effect relationship between force and changes in motion; acceleration is proportional to net external force

9
Q

Acceleration

A

a change in velocity; net external force causes this

10
Q

External force

A

acts from outside the system of interest

11
Q

Friction

A

force that opposes the motion past each other of objects that are touching

12
Q

Net External Force

A

vector sum of all external forces

13
Q

Newton

A

SI unit of force

14
Q

weight (w)

A

net force on a falling object; gravitational force on an object from the nearest large body; a vector quantity; w = mg

15
Q

Free fall

A

when the net external force on an object is its weight

16
Q

Newton’s 3rd law of motion

A

whenever one body exerts a force on a 2nd body, the 1st body experiences a force that is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the force that it exerts

17
Q

thrust

A

reaction force

18
Q

Normal force

A

if the force supporting a load is perpendicular to the surface of contact between the load and its support (N)

19
Q

Tension

A

force along the length of a medium, especially a force carried by a flexible medium (ex. rope, cable)

20
Q

Real forces

A

forces with a physical origin

21
Q

Fictitious forces

A

those that occur because an observer is in an accelerating frame of reference

22
Q

Inertial frame of reference

A

one in which all forces are real and equivalently, one in which Newton’s laws have the simplest forms

23
Q

Carrier particles

A

fundamental particle of nature that is surrounded by a characteristic force field; photons are carriers of the electromagnetic force

24
Q

Force field

A

region in which a test particle will experience a force

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