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College Biology & Ecology > Phreakin Photosynthesis > Flashcards

Phreakin Photosynthesis Flashcards

2
Q

What is the equation for photosynthesis (with coefficients)

A

6 CO2 + 12 H2O –> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O

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3
Q

The experiment they used to decide whether water or carbon dioxide was present in O2 was..

A

using an isotope O18 to tag both carbaon dioxide and water

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4
Q

Molecules become ___ when the absorb photons

A

excited

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5
Q

Two types of photosynthesis reactions

A

LightDark (light-independent)

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6
Q

Types of pigments that absorb energy for photosynthesis

A

chlorophyllaccessory pigments

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7
Q

how many types of chorophyll

A

2 (a and b)

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8
Q

Cholrophyll have long ____ chains that connect to ___ in the ____ in the ____

A

hydrocrabonproteins in the thylakoids in the chloroplast

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9
Q

What colors do chlorophyll absorb?

A

red and blue light

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10
Q

What pigments absorb other colors than red and blue

A

accessory pigments

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11
Q

types of accessory pigments

A

carotenoids and phycobillins

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12
Q

Light absorption results in a _____ change

A

photochemical

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13
Q

pigments are arranged into energy-absorbing

A

antenna systems (light-harvesting complexes)

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14
Q

Antenna systems make up the

A

photosystem

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15
Q

What photosystem spans the ____and surrounds the ____

A

thylakoidreaction center

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16
Q

Chlorophyll has 2 vital roles in photosynthesis, what are they

A

absorb light into excited electronstransfer elections to chemical changes

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17
Q

The excited electron finally ends up at _____ which gets reduced to ____

A

NADP –> NADPH

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18
Q

The two different systems of e- transport

A

noncycliccyclic

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19
Q

Noncyclic electron transport makes

A

ATP and NADPH and O2

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20
Q

Cyclic transport electron transport makes

A

only ATP

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21
Q

Equation for N-cyclic ET

A

H20 –> 1/2 O2 + 2H+

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22
Q

N-cyclic ET ____ water

A

oxidizes

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23
Q

For n-cyclic ET, how many photosystems are req?

A

2PS IPS II

24
Q

Photosystem I (PS I) does what

A

reduces NADP+ into NADPH

25
Q

Photosystem II (PS II) does what

A

oxidizes H2O

26
Q

In n-cyclic ET, the e- follows the “z-scheme”, what is the order of events?

A

photon hits reaction centerPSII (water gets oxidized)ATP synthesizedphoton hits other reaction centerPS I ( reduces NADP+)NADPH synthesized

27
Q

During n-cyclic ET, not enough ATP formed so ______ makes up for it

A

cyclic ET

28
Q

cyclic ET uses which system?

A

PS I only

29
Q

Photophosphorylation operates where?

A

in the choloroplast

30
Q

________ is the sources of ATP made in _____

A

chemiosmosis photophosphorylation

31
Q

What revealed steps in the calvin cycle?

A

radioisotopes

32
Q

3 parts of the Calvin cycle

A

fixationreductionregeneration

33
Q

What is the product of the calvin cycle?

A

Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P)

34
Q

What stimulates the calvin cycle?

A

light

35
Q

What sources of energy does the calvin cycle use?

A

NADPH and ATP

36
Q

The stroma is the site of

A

dark reactions

37
Q

Goal of light reactions

A

make ATP and NADPH to provide power to reducing power to make sugars

38
Q

Mechanism for photosynthesis dependent on

A

potential energy from H+

39
Q

Light reactions occur in the

A

thylakoids

40
Q

Describe the chemiosmotic synthesis of ATP

A

-light increase the potential of an electron-energy from transferring electron drives H+ into thylakoid and makes pH gradient-potential energy of pH drives ATP synthesis

41
Q

photorespiration occurse at

A

high temperature in light

42
Q

Main cells that are involved in the dark reactions (C3 C4 etf)

A

bundle sheath cells

43
Q

how many turns of the calvin cycle is needed for 1 sugar?

A

6

44
Q

C4 plants have ____ separation of fixation and calvin cycle

A

spatial

45
Q

bundle sheaths are “ringed” by

A

mesophyll

46
Q

Crassualcean Acid Metabolism

A

CAM plants

47
Q

CAM plants develop in ___ environments

A

arid

48
Q

Water loss is minimized in CAM plants by

A

reversing the stomatal cycle

49
Q

4C compound is stored where in C4 plants? where in CAM plants?

A

transfered to adjacent cellin vacuole

50
Q

In CAM plants the fixation and calvin cycle are separated

A

temporally

51
Q

Compount C4 and CAM plants make

A

OAA

52
Q

Bundle sheaths are characteristic of what dark process?

A

C4

53
Q

C4 plants require what extra?

A

extra ATP/CO2 (2)

54
Q

CAM plants avoid dehydration by

A

temporal separation

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