Pharmacology of sports med-CT-MS Flashcards Preview

Block 4 Pharm > Pharmacology of sports med-CT-MS > Flashcards

Flashcards in Pharmacology of sports med-CT-MS Deck (17)
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1
Q

For what conditions are “performance enhancers” allowed in athletes?

A

1) Pain
- Acute and overuse injuries
- Muscle soreness

2) Exercise induced asthma

2
Q

What drugs for pain are allowed for athletes?

A

1) NSAIDS

2) Corticosteroids

3
Q

What drugs for asthma are allowed in athletes?

A

1) Albuterol (Salbutamol) => inhaled
- systemic use is banned as ergogenic, may increase muscle mass
2) Inhaled corticosteroids

4
Q

What are legal performance enhancers for athletes?

A

1) Creatine
2) Caffeine
3) Pseudoephedrine
4*) Methylphenidate (Ritalin), dextroamphetamine (Adderall)
- only for athletes who have demonstrated exhaustively they have ADD/ADHD

5
Q

How does creatinine enhance performance?

A

1) Combines with phosphate to be a donor for resynthesis of ATP
- Works therefore only for ATP dependent activities – short high intensity sprints (Sprinters, football players, weight lifters)

6
Q

How does pseudo ephedrine enhance performance?

A

1) Stimulant (nasal decongestant)

- Agitation probably limits usefulness as a performance aid

7
Q

What are the major performance enhancing drugs?

A
Beta blockers
Stimulants
Narcotics
Anabolic androgenic steroids
Bone marrow stimulants
Hormones
8
Q

How are beta blockers used illegally as performance enhancers?

A
  • Used illegally in sports where suppression of heart rate could be an advantage
    • Shooting, archery, biathlon
9
Q

How are stimulants used illegally as performance enhancers?

A

Used by athletes for:

  • Enhanced arousal
  • Avoid/recover from fatigue
  • Weight loss, especially in weight or image dependent sports
10
Q

What are the dangers of stimulants?

A
Sudden death
Heart arrhythmia
Anxiety, tremor, insomnia
Dependency
Impaired judgment, injury
11
Q

How are narcotics used illegally as performance enhancers?

A

Used by athletes to mask pain and allow competition with injury, and to ignore usual signals to stop
- Increased chance for injury, addiction

12
Q

How are anabolic steroids used illegally as performance enhancers?

A

Used by athletes for:

  • Increased lean muscle mass
  • Faster recovery
  • Appearance
13
Q

What are the adverse side effects of anabolic steroids?

A
  • Increased blood pressure, lowered HDL cholesterol leading to increased risk for MI and CVA
  • Masculinization in women
  • Testicular atrophy, impotence, infertility in men
  • Premature closure of growth plates
  • Acne
  • Mood swings, aggressive behavior, psychosis
14
Q

How are bone marrow stimulants used illegally as performance enhancers?

A

Used by athletes to increase oxygen carrying capacity and therefore performance in endurance sports as alternative to blood doping

15
Q

What are the adverse drug effects of bone marrow stimulants?

A

Polycythemia
Sludging of blood
Multiorgan failure, stroke, death

16
Q

How are human growth factor/insulin like growth factor/insulin used illegally as performance enhancers?

A
  • Improve strength
  • Increase lean body mass
  • Because they can’t be detected
17
Q

What are the adverse effects of human growth factor/insulin/insulin like growth factor?

A

Acromegaly
Induce diabetes
Insulin shock if insulin is not used very carefully