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VTNE Study Guide > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Neonatal animals are less tolerant of some drugs than older animals, because in neonates the drugs are ____

A

Metabolized more slowly

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2
Q

Decreased function of what organ would have the greatest effect on biotransformation of most drugs?

A

Liver

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3
Q

The generic name for a drug is also called the

A

Nonproprietary name

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4
Q

The percentage of the total dose that ultimately reaches the bloodstream is called

A

Bioavailability

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5
Q

What are 3 effects of cholinergics

A

Decreased heart rate
Increased blood flow to intestinal tract
Decrease diameter of bronchioles

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6
Q

The NSAID drug that is extremely toxic to cats is

A

Acetaminophen (Tylenol)

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7
Q

The most common adverse side effects of amino glycoside antimicrobials are

A

Ototoxicity and neurotoxicity

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8
Q

To what other drug class is a cephalosporin-class drug closely related?

A

Penicillins

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9
Q

Because of the manner in which they are excreted, sulfonamides are often effective against infections of

A

Urinary tract

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10
Q

The use of fluoroquinolones as anti-infective agents should be done with great caution or not at all in

A

Cats

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11
Q

The anti-infective drug that should be avoided in all food-producing animals is

A

Chloramphenicol

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12
Q

Penicillins are primarily excreted by the

A

Kidney

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13
Q

Acepromazine must be used with caution or not at all in

A

Stallions

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14
Q

The benzodiazepine derivative diazepam is often administered in combination with

A

Ketamine

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15
Q

If using a regular disposable-type syringe, which of the following drugs should not be preloaded and left for a time?

A

Diazepam

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16
Q

What is the correct reversal agent for Xylazine hydrochloride?

A

Yohimbine

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17
Q

Griseofulvin acts on

A

Dermatophytes

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18
Q

What anti-infective compounds, when given to juvenile animals, can impair cartilage development?

A

Fluoroquinolones

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19
Q

Potentiated penicillins are active against ____

A

b-lactamase-producing bacteria

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20
Q

If you are giving a medication IP you inject the medication

A

Into the abdominal cavity

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21
Q

Xylazine produces how much analgesia?

A

Some

22
Q

Propofol should be given

A

Slowly and to effect

23
Q

Heartgard contains ivermectin, which is used to

A

Prevent heart worm infection

24
Q

The active drug in ProHeart is moxidectin, a member of the drug class

A

Avermectin

25
Q

A risk to veterinary technicians who administer prostaglandin is

A

Inducing an asthma attack

26
Q

Pain receptors are called

A

Nociceptors

27
Q

If it is accidentally administered as an IV bolus, lidocaine may cause

A

Bradyarrhythmia

28
Q

Acepromazine maleate causes

A

Hypotension

29
Q

What is the ratio between the toxic dose and therapeutic dose of a drug used as a measure of the relative safety of the drug for a particular treatment?

A

Therapeutic index

30
Q

Asprin may be safely used in cats as an NSAID, but it should be noted that its half-life in this species approximates

A

30 hours

31
Q

What drug is approved for the treatment of old dog dementia?

A

Anipryl

32
Q

A common side effect of antihistamine drugs such as diphenhydramine is

A

Sedation

33
Q

The H2 receptors are found in the

A

Gastric mucosa

34
Q

Thiobarbiturates should be administered with great care or not at all to

A

Greyhounds

35
Q

What drug is contraindicated in the treatment of glaucoma?

A

Atropine sulfate

36
Q

A chronotropic agent affects the

A

Rate of contraction

37
Q

Puppies born via C section that are not breathing well may benefit from ____ drops sublingually

A

Doxapram

38
Q

Parenteral administration of phenylbutazone should be via __ only

A

IV injection

39
Q

Intradermal injections are used primarily for

A

Allergy testing

40
Q

Most biotransformation of drugs occurs in the

A

Liver

41
Q

The main reason that generic forms of drugs are less expensive than brand name drugs is because ____

A

Generic brands do not incur the expense of developing a new drug

42
Q

Repository forms of parenteral drugs are formulated to

A

Prolong absorption of the drug from the site of administration

43
Q

All of the following organs may facilitate the elimination of drugs except the

A

Kidneys
Liver
Lungs
SPLEEN «<

44
Q

What liquid form of drug is most commonly administered IV?

A

Solution

45
Q

When a drug is said to have a narrow therapeutic range, it means that

A

Its effective and toxic doses are close to each other

46
Q

The regulatory agency that oversees the development and approval of animal topical pesticides is

A

EPA

47
Q

A drug that has extreme potential for abuse and no approved medicinal purpose in the US is classified as

A

C-1

48
Q

A drug given by which of the following routes reaches its peak plasma concentration the fastest?

A

IV

49
Q

In what class of antibiotic drugs are nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity potential side effects?

A

Aminoglycosides

50
Q

The best means of assuring that a particular antibiotic treatment will be successful is to

A

Collect a sample from the infected area for culture and sensitivity

51
Q

The term anaphylaxis refers to

A

A severe, life-threatening hypersensitivity reaction

52
Q

True or False: tetracyclines may lead to bone or teeth problems if given to young animals

A

True

VTNE Study Guide (6 decks)

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