Pharmaceutical Management of Cough Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Pharmaceutical Management of Cough Deck (24)
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1
Q

what is cough?

A

a protective reflex action caused when the airway is irritated or obstructed

2
Q

what are common cough syndromes?

A
  1. asthma
  2. eosinophilic bronchitis
  3. upper airway disease
  4. undiagnosed or idiopathic chronic cough
3
Q

in what case is bronchial hyperesponsiveness present; cough variant asthma or eosinophilic bronchitis?

A

in cough variant asthma

4
Q

what are clinical indicators of cough variant asthma?

A
  1. cough occurring nocturnally
  2. after exercise
  3. after allergen exposure
5
Q

how would you know if it was eosinophilic bronchitis?

A
  1. there’d be no sign of asthma
  2. there’d be variable airflow obstruction
  3. evidence of eosinophilic inflammation
6
Q

How do we treat cough variant asthma and eosinophilic bronchitis?

A
  • Eliminate allergen
  • Antihistamines
  • Steroids
  • Leukotriene receptor antagonists
7
Q

How does GORD affect cough?

A

-increases cough reflex sensitivity

8
Q

How do we manage the effects of GORD on cough?

A
  1. give PPI or H2 receptor antagonist to deal with GORD

2. eliminate causative meds e.g. CA2+ antagonists

9
Q

what accompanies upper airway diseases to cause cough?

A
  1. nasal stiffness
  2. sinusitis
  3. sensation of secretions draining into the posterior pharynx from nose or sinuses (termed post-nasal drip)
10
Q

how do we manage/treat upper airway disease causing cough?

A

antihistamines or trial of corticosteroids

11
Q

what happens to lymphocytic airways in idiopathic cough?

A

the airways are inflamed

12
Q

when do you refer a customer to see a doctor regarding their cough (red flag)?

A
  1. cough >3weeks
  2. sputum (sign of infection or bleeding)
  3. chest pain
  4. shortness of breath
  5. whooping cough
  6. recurrent nocturnal cough
  7. suspected adverse drug event
  8. failed medication
13
Q

what is the role of expectorants?

A

they promote expulsion of bronchial secretions

14
Q

what is the role of suppressants?

A

acts as a sedater

15
Q

what is the role of demulcents?

A

soothe the area

16
Q

three examples of suppressants are..?

A

codeine, pholcodeine, dextromethorphan

17
Q

2 examples of expectorants are..?

A

Guaifenesin and Ipecacuanha

18
Q

three examples of antihistamines are…?

A
  1. diphenhydramine
  2. brompheniramine
  3. promethazine
19
Q

give an example of a sympathomimetic and what does it do?

A

pseudoephedrine

-works as a bronchodilator and decongestant

20
Q

What is Theophylline?

A

a bronchodilator

21
Q

give three examples of mucolytics?

A
  • acetylcysteine
  • sodium chloride
  • carbocistiene
22
Q

what are non-pharmacological means of treating cough?

A
  1. take plenty of fluids
  2. paracetamol/ ibuprofen for pain
  3. vapour rub for fever
  4. warm fluid or honey and lemon drinks
  5. linctus cough mixture
    6 steam
23
Q

can we give the cough and cold meds in this section to kids less than 6years old?

A

No, only as second line of treatment and only used for 5 days max!

24
Q

what age group should codeine linctus not be given to for dry, unproductive cough?

A

children less that 18 years

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